WASHINGTON (Reuters) &#8211; World Bank President David Malpass on Wednesday suggested that Russia’s war in Ukraine and its impact on food and energy prices, as well as the availability of fertilizer, could trigger a global&nbsp;recession.



Malpass told an event hosted by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce that Germany‘s economy, the world’s fourth-largest, has already slowed substantially&nbsp;due to higher energy prices, and said&nbsp;reduced production of&nbsp;fertilizer could worsen conditions elsewhere. 



“As we look at the global GDP … it’s hard right now to see how we avoid a&nbsp;recession,” Malpass said.&nbsp;He gave no specific forecast.



He said the economies of Ukraine and Russia were both expected to see a significant contraction, while Europe, China and the United States were seeing slower growth.



Developing countries were being hit even harder given shortfalls of fertilizer and food stocks and energy supplies, he said.



“The idea of energy prices doubling is enough to trigger a&nbsp;recession&nbsp;by itself,” he said.



In China, he said the relatively sharp slowdown in growth was based on the COVID-19 pandemic, inflation and the pre-existing real estate crisis the country had been facing.



The World Bank last month had already cut its global growth forecast for 2022 by nearly a full percentage point, to 3.2% from 4.1%, due to the impacts from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.



Malpass gave no details on when a global&nbsp;recession&nbsp;could begin.

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World Bank’s Malpass says war in Ukraine may trigger global recession￼

JOHANNESBURG, May 25 (Reuters)&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;Africa risks sliding into stagflation &#8211; a cycle of slow growth and high inflation &#8211; as it battles the lingering effects of the pandemic and rising fuel and food prices caused by the Ukraine conflict, the African Development Bank (AfDB) said on Wednesday.



Despite experiencing relatively low death rates compared to more developed regions, Africa was dealt a heavy economic blow by the COVID-19 pandemic.



While 2021 saw a continent-wide rebound, with gross domestic product (GDP) growth estimated at 6.9% after a pandemic-induced contraction of 1.6% the previous year, the Bank projects real GDP growth to slow to 4.1% this year.



&#8220;The deceleration in growth highlights the severity of the impact of the Russia–Ukraine conflict on Africa&#8217;s economy,&#8221; the AfDB wrote in its 2022 African Economic Outlook.



&#8220;If the conflict persists, Africa&#8217;s growth is likely to stagnate at around 4 percent in 2023.&#8221;



Inflation is meanwhile expected to accelerate to 13.5% this year, from 13% in 2021, due to a sharp rise in energy and food prices linked to the war in Ukraine.



The AfDB estimates around 30 million Africans were pushed into extreme poverty and 22 million lost their jobs last year alone as a result of the pandemic.



Vulnerable populations, particularly in urban areas, will bear the brunt of rising prices, the report said, adding that economic disruptions stemming from the war could tip nearly 4 million more into extreme poverty this year and next.



&#8220;In the absence of measures to cushion the impact, this could stoke social tension across the continent,&#8221; the report stated. &#8220;But in many African countries, fiscal space remains constrained by the effects of the pandemic.&#8221;



The AfDB forecasts Africa&#8217;s debt-to-GDP ratio to stabilise at around 70%, down slightly from 71.4% in 2020, due to last year&#8217;s growth recovery and debt relief measures, but will remain above pre-pandemic levels.



(Reporting by Joe Bavier, Editing by Louise Heavens)

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Africa risks stagflation due to pandemic, Ukraine war – AfDB￼

ABUJA, May 25 (Reuters)&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;The bid-ask spreads on Nigerian bond yields widened up to 15 basis points on average on Wednesday from 5 basis points before a surprise central bank rate hike a day earlier.



The benchmark 2042 bond bid-ask spread widened as much as 35 basis points, as yields also rose, traders said.



The central bank raised benchmark interest rate by 150 basis points to 13% on Tuesday, its first hike in more than two years, to combat rising inflation, sending markets tumbling.<a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL5N2XG3P9&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a>



Traders said the central bank sold the one-year Treasury bill at 6.49% after investors demanded the debt at a rate as high as 10.25%. This compares with a yield of 4.75% the one-year maturity fetched at a previous auction.



The main share index&nbsp;.NGSEINDEX&nbsp;gained 1.24% on Wednesday, recovering from a two-week low triggered by the rate decision. The index has been rising this year as local investors pile into equities in the wake of double-digit inflation.



(Reporting by Chijioke OhuochaEditing by James Macharia Chege and Sam Holmes)

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Nigerian bond spreads widen after surprise rate hike

DAKAR, May 25 (Reuters)&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;Senegal&#8217;s president and African Union chairman Macky Sall said on Wednesday that when he visits Russia and Ukraine in the coming weeks he will push them to unblock exports of grains and fertilizer to avoid widespread famine.



Africa is suffering from disruptions in food supply and soaring prices of basic goods and risks &#8220;disastrous consequences&#8221; if the situation endures, Sall said during a conversation with philanthropist Mo Ibrahim at the Ibrahim Governance Forum.



Nearly half of Africa&#8217;s 54 countries rely on Russia and Ukraine for wheat imports, according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. Russia is also a major supplier of fertilizer to at least 11 countries.<a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL5N2WV5UH&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a>



&#8220;We have pleaded for a ceasefire, for an end to the war and for the release of all food products &#8230; so that the world doesn&#8217;t know a famine after two years of COVID and almost three months of war,&#8221; said Sall. Russia invaded Ukraine in late February.



&#8220;There are multiple initiatives to call on countries that have (grain) stocks to liberate them &#8230; and to ensure that Russia can authorize the export of cereals from Ukraine and can also export itself. This is the African position,&#8221; he said.



Parts of Africa are already facing record hunger levels, driven by insecurity, climate shocks and the economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.L5N2W23Z3



If food supply blockages were to continue and there was a famine, Sall said: &#8220;The world would not be able to contain the consequences because it would be massive on immigration. It would be dramatic for African countries.&#8221;



Sall said on Sunday he would visit Moscow and Kyiv in his capacity as chairman of the African Union, which wants peace in Ukraine through dialogue between the two sides.<a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL5N2XE0BP&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a>



(Reporting by Bate Felix; Writing by Nellie Peyton; editing by Grant McCool)

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African Union head to push Russia, Ukraine to unblock grain exports￼

Glencore agrees settlements in U.S., Brazil



Glencore Energy (UK) charged with bribery over oil operations



U.S. prosecutor calls bribery scheme &#8220;staggering&#8221;



Updates with details from U.S. settlement with Glencore, adds comments from prosecutors in Brazil



By Clara Denina, Kirstin Ridley and Sarah N. Lynch



LONDON/WASHINGTON May 24 (Reuters)&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;Glencore Plc&nbsp;GLEN.L&nbsp;said on Tuesday it anticipates paying up to $1.5 billion to settle accusations of bribery and market manipulation, as authorities in the United States, Britain and Brazil announced that three of the company&#8217;s subsidiaries were pleading guilty to crimes.



The miner and commodity trading giant agreed to pay more than $1 billion in the United States and Brazil, with Glencore representatives also appearing in courts in the United States and Britain on Tuesday.



U.S. Attorney General Merrick Garland said a $1.1 billion accord with the U.S. will resolve both a decade-long scheme to bribe foreign officials across seven countries and separate criminal and civil charges alleging one of the company&#8217;s trading arms manipulated fuel oil prices at two of the largest U.S. shipping ports.



&#8220;This represents the Justice Department&#8217;s largest criminal enforcement action to date for a commodity price manipulation conspiracy in oil markets,&#8221; Garland said at a press conference.



&#8220;We will continue to investigate, disrupt and hold accountable corporations that break our laws.&#8221;



The company said it expects a final global settlement, including a future fine in Britain, not to exceed the $1.5 billion it set aside in its reserves in February to resolve the probes relating to operations in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Nigeria and Venezuela.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL4N2UQ1V7&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a>



&#8220;Glencore has resolved the previously disclosed investigations by authorities in the United States, the United Kingdom and Brazil into past activities in certain Group businesses related to bribery,&#8221; it said in a statement.



Any final resolution would wrap up a multi-year U.S. and British investigation that has dogged the Swiss-based multinational, which still faces corruption and bribery investigations by other countries including Swiss and Dutch authorities.



In Brazil on Tuesday, prosecutors said Glencore will pay $29.6 million directly to state-run oil company Petrobras&nbsp;PETR4.SA&nbsp;in compensation for defrauding the company and roughly $10 million to authorities in civil penalties.



The UK Serious Fraud Office (SFO), which opened a corruption investigation in 2019 code-named Operation Azoth, said on Tuesday it had exposed &#8220;profit-driven bribery and corruption&#8221; across oil operations in Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, and South Sudan.



Glencore Energy (UK) Ltd, which said Tuesday it would plead guilty to all the charges at a hearing at London&#8217;s Westminster Magistrates&#8217; Court, will be sentenced on June 21.



The SFO alleged that Glencore agents and employees paid bribes worth over $25 million for preferential access to oil, with approval by the company.



Damian Williams, the top federal prosecutor in Manhattan, called the bribery scheme &#8220;staggering.&#8221;



&#8220;Glencore paid bribes to secure oil contracts. Glencore paid bribes to avoid government audits. Glencore paid bribes to judges to make lawsuits disappear,&#8221; he said.



As part of the resolution with the United States, Glencore is also required to hire two separate independent compliance monitors.



In March 2021, former Glencore oil trader Emilio Jose Heredia Collado pleaded guilty in San Francisco, California, to manipulating a key oil price benchmark, while former Glencore trader Anthony Stimler pleaded guilty in New York in July 2021 over his role in a scheme to bribe Nigerian officials.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL1N2LN22R&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a><a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL1N2P22GL&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a>



However, none of the company&#8217;s top executives have faced charges to date. U.S. Justice Department officials told reporters on Tuesday their investigations remain ongoing.



Spotlight on Corruption, a public interest group, welcomed the charges on Tuesday, but said it was &#8220;essential that those responsible for the wrongdoing, including senior executives and the parent company, are held to account.&#8221;



(Reporting by Kirstin Ridley and Clara Denina in London and Sarah N. Lynch in Washington. Additional reporting by Tyler Clifford in Washington, Jonathan Stempel in New York, Gram Slattery in Rio de Janeiro and Yadarisa Shabong in Bengaluru; Editing by Maju Samuel, Paul Simao, David Gregorio and Richard Pullin)



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File: Glencore Plunges After U.S. Subpoena Regarding Money Laundering

Glencore prepares to pay up to $1.5 bln to settle U.S., UK, Brazil probes

GENEVA, May 24 (Reuters)&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;The World Health Organization&#8217;s (WHO) members re-elected Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus as Director General by a strong majority for another five years, the president of the World Health Assembly said on Tuesday.



The vote by secret ballot, announced by Ahmed Robleh Abdilleh from Djibouti at a major annual meeting, was seen as a formality since Tedros was the only candidate running.



Ministers and delegates took turns to shake hands and hug Tedros, a former health minister from Ethiopia, who has steered the UN agency through a turbulent period dominated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The president had to use a gavel several times to interrupt the applause.



Addressing the assembly soon after his re-election, Tedros said the WHO&#8217;s focus will be on emergency preparedness and improvement of the agency.



&#8220;This pandemic has been very unprecedented and many lessons that we should learn and we are learning. But, at the same time we cannot just pause, learn and implement&#8230;instead of pausing to learn, we&#8217;re saying while learning let&#8217;s implement.&#8221;



The newly re-elected WHO head teared up while talking about the current Ukraine crisis and the death of his younger brother from a childhood disease amidst war and poverty decades ago.



&#8220;When I visited Ukraine when I saw especially the kids..It was the image from more than 50 years ago that came to my mind, so visible, so hounding. The smell, sound and image of war. That is what I don&#8217;t want to happen to anyone.&#8221;



Several countries including Germany and the United States were quick to offer their congratulations.



German Health Minister Karl Lauterbach tweeted that Tedros got 155 of 160 votes, calling it a spectacular result. &#8220;Congratulations, fully deserved.&#8221;



Germany recently overtook the United States as the UN health agency&#8217;s top donor.



However, Tedros’ second-term candidacy did not receive the support of his native Ethiopia due to friction over the Tigray conflict. Ethiopia&#8217;s envoy to the assembly made it clear that Botswana&#8217;s statement congratulating Tedros did not represent all 47 countries of the African group.



&#8220;The established working method of the African group is to work by consensus. I would like to point out that there was no consensus. Hence, the distinguished representative of Botswana cannot deliver the statement on behalf of the African group.&#8221;



(Reporting by Jennifer Rigby, Emma Farge and Mrinalika Roy; Additional reporting by Paul Carrel; Editing by Catherine Evans)VIEW LESS

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Tedros re-elected as head of World Health Organization

GENEVA, May 24 (Reuters)&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;African countries raised an objection on Tuesday to a U.S.-led proposal to reform the International Health Regulations (IHR), a move delegates say might prevent passage at the World Health Organization&#8217;s annual assembly.



If Africa continues to withhold support, it could block one of the only concrete reforms expected from the meeting, fraying hopes that members will unite on reforms to strengthen the U.N. health agency&#8217;s rules as it seeks a central role for itself in global health policy.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL2N2XF0HC&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a>



The IHR set out WHO members&#8217; legally binding obligations around outbreaks. The United States has proposed 13 IHR reforms which seek to authorise the deployment of expert teams to contamination sites and the creation of a new compliance committee to monitor implementation of the rules.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL2N2XC0VG&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a>



The draft proposal yet to be formally decided is seen as the first step in a broader IHR reform process and would aim to change article 59 that would speed up the implementation for future reforms from 24 to 12 months.



But the African group expressed reservations about even this narrow change, saying all reforms should be tackled together as part of a &#8220;holistic package&#8221; at a later stage.



&#8220;The African region shares the view that the process should not be fast tracked&#8230;,&#8221; Moses Keetile, deputy permanent secretary in Botswana&#8217;s health ministry, told the assembly on Tuesday on behalf of the Africa region.



Diplomats said that African objections may be a strategy to seek concessions on vaccine and drug-sharing from wealthier countries who were seen to be hoarding supplies during COVID-19.



&#8220;We find that they are going too quickly and these sorts of reforms can&#8217;t be rushed through,&#8221; said an African delegate in Geneva who was not authorised to speak to the media.



The U.S. mission in Geneva did not respond to a request for comment.



Several other countries expressed broad support for the idea of IHR reforms, without giving specifics. Iran and Malaysia also expressed reservations.



One diplomat following the discussions &#8220;They don&#8217;t agree but it&#8217;s not a disaster. It&#8217;s a multilateral process so you can&#8217;t force things through.&#8221;



The negotiations will run alongside talks on a potential pandemic treaty, raising concerns over duplication. &#8220;Several developing countries have said that the WHO has too many platforms for negotiation, and it is simply not manageable,&#8221; said Nithin Ramakrishnan, consultant for the Third World Network.



Since the U.S. IHR proposal, Russia has also submitted draft revisions, diplomats say. This assembly is expected to officially launch IHR reform discussions, which may last up to two years.



(Additional reporting by Mrinalika Roy in Bangalore; Editing by David Gregorio)

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Africa objects to U.S. push to reform health rules at WHO assembly￼

ABUJA, May 24 (Reuters)&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;Nigeria&#8217;s central bank on Tuesday raised the benchmark interest rate by 150 basis points to 13%, its first hike in more than two years, to combat rising inflation, sending markets tumbling.



The move surprised analysts and traders who expected the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) to keep the rate on hold.



But&nbsp;Governor Godwin Emefiele told a news briefing&nbsp;that&nbsp;the rate hike was necessary to tame inflation, which quickened to 16.82% in April, its highest in eight months, amid a fragile economic recovery.



Six members of the MPC voted to increase the main lending rate by 150 basis points, four of them by 100 basis points and one by 50 basis points.



It was the biggest rate hike since&nbsp;July&nbsp;2016 when the central bank increased rates by 200 basis points.



&#8220;(MPC members) felt that tightening will help rein in inflation before it assumes a galloping trend,&#8221; Emefiele said.



&#8220;The committee decided to raise monetary policy rate for the first time in two and a half years to rein in the current rise in inflation as members were of the view that the continued uptrend may adversely impact growth.&#8221;



Food and energy prices are rising in Africa&#8217;s most populous country after Russia&#8217;s invasion of Ukraine pushed up oil prices and disrupted supplies of commodities like corn and wheat.



The rate hike sent the yield on Nigeria&#8217;s longest 30-year bond soaring 75 basis points to 13.8%.&nbsp;Overnight lending rates climbed 200 basis points to 14% while the main share index&nbsp;.NGSEINDEX&nbsp;fell to a two-week low.



Razia Khan, chief economist for Africa and the Middle East at Standard Chartered, said the rate increase raised questions about whether this could be a precursor to a change in the central bank&#8217;s policy on foreign exchange.



&#8220;This could be the most important signal yet of eventual FX policy intentions &#8230; but we will not really know until we see whether and how much market rates reprice,&#8221; she said.



The naira recovered from a record low of 609 on the black market&nbsp;NGNP=&nbsp;to 606 naira against the dollar after the hike but it weakened to 443.50 naira on the official market&nbsp;NGN=&nbsp;from 413.80 naira and later traded at 417 naira.



The central bank governor, who ended his presidential ambition on Monday, said the economy was expected to expand 3.25% this year, lower than the federal government&#8217;s projection of 4.2% growth.



(Writing and additional reporting by MacDonald Dzirutwe and Estelle Shirbon; Editing by Catherine Evans, Mark Potter and Mark Porter)

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Nigeria’s central bank surprises with rate hike, cites inflation

LONDON, May 24 (Reuters)&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;Rising borrowing costs and the worldwide fallout from the Russia-Ukraine war could see up to 10% of riskier &#8216;junk&#8217;-rated emerging market countries suffer debt crises this year, analysts at U.S. investment bank JPMorgan have warned.



More acute balance of payment pressures and larger fiscal deficits are now compounding problems for heavily-indebted countries that import most of their energy and food.



Sri Lanka has just suffered its first ever sovereign default, joining a list that already included Lebanon, Suriname, Venezuela and Zambia. Russia and Ukraine are both teetering too and the worry is the numbers globally will soon balloon.



&#8220;Nearly half of the (52) country sample is classified as carrying high repayment risk in our assessment. Of these, eight are at risk of reserve depletion by the end of 2023, signalling high default risks. These are Sri Lanka, Maldives, Bahamas, Belize, Senegal, Rwanda, Grenada, and Ethiopia,&#8221; said the note led by strategist Trang Nguyen on Tuesday.



A jump in world interest rates in response to fast-rising inflation also means many countries are facing the reality of rising borrowing costs, a departure from over a decade of so-called &#8220;easy money&#8221;.



&#8220;Accounting for risks of a potential default in Russia and restructuring in Ukraine&#8230;the EM sovereign HY default rate could reach 10% this year,&#8221; JP Morgan&#8217;s note added, also pointing out how Ethiopia was moving towards a G20-led restructuring of its debts.



The International Monetary Fund too has said that nearly 60% of low income countries are either in, or at high risk of, debt distress.



Analysts at investment firm Tellimer this week highlighted how a record 27 emerging market countries now have eurobond yields above 10%.



Those yields are a proxy for what a government has to pay to borrow in the international capital markets and anything above 10% is generally seen as a sign of trouble.



JP Morgan said that in addition to the eight countries flagged as in immediate default danger, larger economies such as Egypt, Ghana and Pakistan were also highly vulnerable from fiscal and debt standpoints over the slightly longer term.



(Reporting by Marc Jones, editing by Jorgelina do Rosario, Kirsten Donovan)

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JPMorgan warns 10% of junk-rated emerging markets facing debt crises this year

KEY POINTS



<ul><li>Speaking to CNBC’s “Squawk Box Europe” at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, on Tuesday, Herbert Diess said alleviating supply chain issues would likely help create some momentum for the German auto giant over the coming months.</li><li>“Markets are always about the future,” Diess said when asked why investors valued Tesla at such a premium to other traditional carmakers.</li><li>“We are still aiming at keeping up and probably overtaking by 2025 when it comes to sales,” Diess said.</li></ul>



The chief executive of&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/quotes/VOW3-DE">Volkswagen</a>&nbsp;believes Europe’s biggest carmaker can overtake&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/quotes/TSLA" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Tesla</a>&nbsp;to become the world’s largest seller of electric vehicles by 2025.



Speaking to CNBC’s “Squawk Box Europe” at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, on Tuesday, Herbert Diess said alleviating supply chain issues would likely help create some momentum for the German auto giant over the coming months.



“Markets are always about the future,” Diess said when asked why investors valued Tesla at such a premium to other traditional carmakers, such as Volkswagen.



“Tesla currently is in the lead when it comes to EVs, probably also it is the most digital car company already and they have some advantages,” he continued. “We are still aiming at keeping up and probably overtaking by 2025 when it comes to sales.”



Diess said Tesla has been able to demonstrate good results and high returns with a credible business model. However, he reaffirmed his belief that Volkswagen could soon close the gap when it comes to EV sales.



“I think for Tesla, also, ramping up now will probably be a bit more challenging. They are opening up new plants and we are trying to keep up speed. We think in the second half of the year, we are going to create some momentum,” Diess said.



Volkswagen’s Frankfurt-listed shares traded around 0.9% lower on Tuesday morning, roughly in line with losses in the autos sector on the pan-European Stoxx 600.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-supply-chain-crisis-to-alleviate"><a></a>Supply chain crisis to alleviate</h2>



More than two years into the coronavirus pandemic, the auto industry continues to grapple with the challenge of obtaining crucial parts and building enough vehicles to meet demand.



Shortages of critical supplies, particularly when it comes to battery production, are expected to be an ongoing constraint for the growth of electric vehicle sales in the years ahead.



Nonetheless, Diess said there are some positive signs on the horizon. He expects to see some relief from the semiconductor supply market from the middle of the year.



“I would say that we would see an alleviation of this situation towards mid-year and second half we should be in better shape — if the situation is not getting any worse, which I don’t think so,” Diess said.



When asked whether this means he expects the semiconductor crisis could end in the second half of the year, Diess replied: “I wouldn’t say end but we see a much-improved situation. I think supply chains are getting in order again.&#8221;

Volkswagen chief says German car giant will overtake Tesla on electric vehicle sales by 2025

WASHINGTON, May 23 (Reuters)&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;The United States issued an advisory on Monday warning U.S. companies of growing reputational risks of doing business with state-owned enterprises and military-controlled firms in Sudan.



&#8220;These risks arise from, among other things, recent actions undertaken by Sudan&#8217;s Sovereign Council and security forces under the military&#8217;s command, including and especially serious human rights abuse against protesters,&#8221; State Department spokesperson Ned Price said in a statement.



The African country has been racked by protests since a military coup in October, and lawyers say dozens of political prisoners remain in detention.



&#8220;Businesses and individuals operating in Sudan should undertake increased due diligence related to human rights issues and be aware of the potential reputational risks of conducting business activities and/or transactions with SOEs and military-controlled companies,&#8221; Price said.



The advisory was issued by the U.S. departments of State, Treasury, Commerce and Labor, he said.



(Reporting by Eric Beech; Editing by Tim Ahmann, Bernard Orr)

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U.S. warns companies of ‘reputational risks’ of doing business in Sudan

ABUJA, May 23 (Reuters)&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;Nigerian GDP grew 3.11% in the first quarter, slower than in the previous quarter as a fall in oil production hit the rest of the economy, the national statistics office said on Monday ahead of a central bank interest rate decision on Tuesday.



It was the sixth consecutive quarter of growth, with non-oil sectors helping Nigeria bounce back from a severe recession caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The full-year GDP figure for 2021 showed the fastest growth in seven years.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL1N2US0UR&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a>



Gross domestic product grew by 3.98% in the fourth quarter of 2021. In the first three months of last year, the growth rate was 0.51%.



&#8220;After the recession experienced by the country in 2020 occasioned by the COVID-19 pandemic, the economy has been on the path of growth,&#8221; the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) said.



It said non-oil sectors such as financials, communication, trade and healthcare were among the fastest growing.



However, oil refining, crude petroleum and natural gas, road transport, quarrying and other minerals were lagging.



The naira&nbsp;NGNP=, hit a record low of 609 against the dollar on the black market, where it is freely traded, as the GDP data was announced.



The oil sector shrank by 26.04% in the first quarter, compared with an 8.06% contraction the previous quarter. Crude production fell to 1.49 million barrels per day in the first quarter from 1.50 million barrels in the previous three months.



Frequent vandalism and illegal refining in the oil-producing Niger Delta region have kept the sector under pressure. Nigeria has struggled to meet its production targets, partly missing out on the effects of the global surge in oil prices.



The weak growth could prompt the central bank to keep its dovish stance at a policy meeting on Tuesday despite double-digit inflation, analysts say.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL2N2VO1JM&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a>



($1 = 415.00 naira)



(Reporting by Chijioke Ohuocha; Editing by Estelle Shirbon, Jan Harvey and Tomasz Janowski)

download (23)

Nigeria Q1 GDP growth slows Q/Q ahead of rates decision

GENEVA, May 23 (Reuters)&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;The head of the World Health Organization said on Monday that it must be &#8220;at the centre&#8221; of a global healthcare system, while also acknowledging the need for internal reforms.



The World Health Assembly from May 22-28 is seen as one of the most important in the UN health agency&#8217;s 75-year history, as it seeks to define its future role in global health policy and get approval for a funding overhaul.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL2N2XC0VG&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a><a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL5N2X96B0&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a>



&#8220;We need a stronger and sustainably financed WHO, at the centre of the global health security architecture,&#8221; Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said in a major speech at the WHO&#8217;s annual assembly.



But he added: &#8220;There have been many calls for WHO to change. And there is no question that more change is needed.&#8221;



The WHO is under scrutiny after an independent panel described it as &#8220;underpowered&#8221; when COVID-19 struck, with limited powers to investigate outbreaks and coordinate containment measures.



However, its 194 member states are seen as split over whether it deserves new powers after its handling of COVID.



&#8220;Some members are saying the WHO did what it could during the pandemic and want to strengthen its authority and others are very disillusioned with the WHO and &#8230; are very divided on whether it should be given more powers,&#8221; said Adam Kamradt-Scott, a professor of Global Health at the School of Transnational Governance.



In the same speech, Tedros said COVID is far from over and that the world was not ready for the next pandemic, echoing the findings of a major report last week.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL2N2XA0VC&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a>



&#8220;It&#8217;s clear that the world was and remains unprepared for a pandemic,&#8221; he said.



(Reporting by Emma Farge and Mrinalika Roy; Editing by Catherine Evans)

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WHO chief says it must take central role in global health

BERLIN, May 22 (Reuters)&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;Russia&#8217;s impact on energy and food prices and security will provide the backdrop to Olaf Scholz&#8217;s first trip to Africa as German Chancellor, a three-day tour of Senegal, Niger and South Africa kicking off on Sunday.



The first stop on Scholz&#8217;s trip is Senegal, which has billions of cubic metres of gas reserves and is expected to become a major gas producer in the region.



Germany is seeking to reduce its heavy reliance on Russia for gas following the Kremlin&#8217;s invasion of Ukraine. It could help explore a gas field in Senegal, a government official said on Friday.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AS8N2WV04P&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a>



The source said Scholz also wanted to discuss possible cooperation on the development of renewable energy. In Senegal, he will visit a solar power plant after meeting and holding a joint news conference with the country&#8217;s President Macky Sall.



Germany has invited both Senegal, which currently holds the rotating chairmanship of the African Union, and South Africa to attend the G7 summit it is hosting in June as guest countries.



Both countries abstained from voting on a United Nations resolution against Russia&#8217;s invasion of Ukraine, which Moscow calls a special military operation to demilitarize a neighbor it says threatened its security.



Ukraine and Western allies say the war is an unprovoked act of aggression.



The conflict has triggered supply disruptions that have pushed up food and energy prices in Africa. Russia&#8217;s military has blocked exports from ports in Ukraine, a major grains and food supplier to the region. The Kremlin blames Western sanctions for the rising prices.



SECURITY IN THE SAHEL



Scholz will travel later on Sunday to Niger. The country has taken on a bigger role hosting European special forces to stem a jihadist insurgency across the Sahel since European relations with the military junta ruling neighboring Mali have deteriorated.



The European Union suspended its military training mission in Mali due to a lack of guarantees from Malian authorities that military contractors from Russia&#8217;s Wagner Group would not interfere in the work. The group is under EU sanctions accused of human rights abuses.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL5N2X95FS&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a>



Russia denies any wrongdoing in Mali or in any other country where Wagner operates. Both Mali and Russia have previously said Wagner Group is not made up of mercenaries but trainers helping local troops with equipment bought from Russia.



Scholz will visit German troops in Niger and discuss the lengthy battle against insurgents linked to al Qaeda and Islamic State that have killed thousands and made swathes of territory ungovernable in the Sahel, south of the Sahara.



On Monday evening Scholz is set to travel to Johannesburg for the final leg of his tour.



(Reporting by Andreas Rinke and Sarah Marsh; Editing by Frank Jack Daniel)

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Russia looms large on Scholz’s first Africa tour as chancellor￼

May 20 (Reuters)&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;Ratings agency S&amp;P&nbsp;<a href="https://disclosure.spglobal.com/ratings/en/regulatory/article/-/view/type/HTML/id/2842888" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">revised</a>&nbsp;South Africa&#8217;s outlook to &#8220;positive&#8221; on Friday, saying it reflects favourable terms of trade and a path toward contained fiscal expenditure for the country.



S&amp;P upgraded its outlook from &#8220;stable&#8221; and affirmed the &#8220;BB-/B&#8221; foreign currency as well as &#8220;BB/B&#8221; local currency ratings on South Africa.



&#8220;Recent favourable terms of trade in South Africa have improved the external and fiscal trajectory, while the country&#8217;s reasonably large net external asset position, flexible currency and deep domestic capital markets provide strong buffers against shifts in external financing,&#8221; S&amp;P said in its report.



S&amp;P said it expects South Africa&#8217;s fiscal deficit to remain elevated, but gradually narrow to 5% of GDP by fiscal 2025.



The economic growth of Africa&#8217;s most industrialised country is expected to slow to 1.7% this year, according to the central bank&#8217;s forecast on Thursday, from a 4.9% expansion last year, as it recovers from a contraction in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/all?search=all%3AL5N2XB4IH&amp;linkedFromStory=true" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read full story</a>



(Reporting by Ahmed Farhatha in Bengaluru and Olivia Kumwenda-Mtambo in Johannesburg; Editing by Amy Caren Daniel)

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S&P raises South Africa’s outlook to ‘positive’ on trade terms, fiscal discipline

KEY POINTS



<ul><li>Nearly 2,500 global leaders from business, politics and civil society are expected to take part in a rare springtime version of Davos this week.</li><li>Organizers of the event had postponed the meeting from its traditional January slot over safety concerns amid the coronavirus pandemic. However, in a welcome boost to local residents, the forum’s first in-person event has now returned after a two-year hiatus.</li><li>That’s not to say everyone is happy to see the return of the world’s business and political elite to the Swiss Alps.</li></ul>



The World Economic Forum is trying to fix an image problem.



Nearly 2,500 global leaders from business, politics and civil society are expected to take part in a rare springtime version of Davos this week.



The annual meeting will see movers and shakers convene in Switzerland’s luxury Alpine ski resort of Davos for five days of conversation on issues including Covid-19, Russia’s war in Ukraine and the climate crisis.



Organizers of the event had&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/12/20/davos-world-economic-forum-postpones-meeting-due-to-covid.html">postponed the meeting</a>&nbsp;from its traditional January slot over safety concerns amid the coronavirus pandemic. However, in a welcome boost to local residents, the forum’s first in-person event has now returned after a two-year hiatus.



The&nbsp;<a href="https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/05/davos-2022-whos-coming-and-everything-else-you-need-to-know/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">theme</a>&nbsp;of this year’s event is “History at a Turning Point: Government Policies and Business Strategies.”



“It means a lot to us. It means a lot to the whole of Switzerland,” Samuel Rosenast, a spokesperson for the local tourism board, said in an interview with CNBC’s&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/tom-chitty/">Tom Chitty</a>.



Rosenast said the event was “unbelievably important” to those residing in Europe’s highest town, estimating that the resort could see a windfall of approximately 70 million Swiss francs ($72 million) in just this week alone.



“Every business is in contact with the World Economic Forum. The people know how important it is,” Rosenast said. “Most people here are looking forward to the World Economic Forum. They are happy that it takes place here again this year.”



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-a-symbol-of-a-failed-era"><a></a>‘A symbol of a failed era’</h2>



That’s not to say everyone is pleased to see the return of the world’s business and political elite to the Swiss Alps. The event has been sharply criticized in recent years for being&nbsp;<a href="https://fortune.com/2015/01/22/davos-out-of-touch/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">out of touch</a>,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/01/18/is-davos-nothing-more-than-an-overpriced-ineffective-talking-shop.html">ineffective</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fnlondon.com/articles/davos-is-broadly-irrelevant-there-is-no-case-for-guzzling-jets-and-gallons-of-dom-perignon-20220516" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">irrelevant</a>.



Three years ago, Dutch historian Rutger Bregman went viral at a Davos panel&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/03/19/rutger-bregman-historian-who-confronted-davos-elite-on-higher-taxes.html">when he called out billionaires for tax avoidance</a>. In a clip that has now been viewed nearly 11 million times, Bregman said that a global failure to effectively tackle tax avoidance was the primary cause of inequality.



“It feels like I’m at a firefighters conference and no one’s allowed to speak about water,” Bregman said at the time. “This is not rocket science … we have got to be talking about taxes. That’s it. Taxes, taxes, taxes.”



More recently, protestors, activists and people on the frontlines of inequality have sought to challenge the WEF over its “<a href="https://inequality.org/research/global-inequality-protest-davos/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">empty rhetoric</a>,” accusing Davos of representing “a symbol of a failed era” that should be left behind.



A report published Monday by global charity Oxfam found that 573 people became new billionaires during the coronavirus pandemic — at a rate of one every 30 hours. The brief, entitled “Profiting from Pain,” expects that 263 million additional people will fall into extreme poverty this year at a rate of 1 million people every 33 hours.



“Billionaires are arriving in Davos to celebrate an incredible surge in their fortunes. The pandemic and now the steep increases in food and energy prices have, simply put, been a bonanza for them,” said Gabriela Bucher, executive director of Oxfam International.



“Meanwhile, decades of progress on extreme poverty are now in reverse and millions of people are facing impossible rises in the cost of simply staying alive.”



In his youth, Philipp Wilhelm was one of those protesting the annual gathering of billionaires and political leaders in the town where he was born. Now, however, Wilhelm is the mayor of Davos, and his goal is to deliver a successful meeting.



“I protested during the annual meeting because, for me, it was important to express that it’s really crucial that we solve this climate crisis. And we need to make the world a more just place,” Wilhelm said.



Wilhelm said that he had taken part in protests because he felt it was essential to ensure that everyone arriving in Davos “gets the message that it’s really important to solve these issues.”



Wilhelm said he — and WEF — had changed their positions since his protesting days, adding that he believes he can influence policy more effectively in his current role.



When asked whether it was a concern that criticism of WEF had become too closely associated with Davos given that the town itself has become largely interchangeable with the forum, Wilhelm replied: “No it doesn’t bother me at all.”



“I think it is interesting that people know Davos as a place where people meet and discuss — and I mean it should be controversial. There should be a discussion about what is the right way to improve the state of the world,” Wilhelm said.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><a></a>Davos 2022 is ‘one marker in time’</h2>



“The forum’s work is ongoing. The meeting is one marker in time,” said Saadia Zahidi, managing director at the World Economic Forum.



“What we’ve been doing over the last two and a half years — while it hasn’t been visible through a particular meeting — is a set of work that is trying to make a dent on inequality and at the same time also make changes towards addressing one of the biggest existential risks we all face which is climate change.”



When asked whether rising income inequality had become a particular problem for the forum, Zahidi replied: “Inequality is a problem for the world. I think we know that societies that do not combat inequality will have slower growth.”



“And so there has to be an effort that addresses inequality. Now, what does that? Better education, better skills, better jobs, addressing issues like taxation and changing the nature of our economies so that they actually work for people and not just for the few,” Zahidi said. “That is going to be front and center on next week’s agenda.”

Stefan Wermuth | Bloomberg | Getty Images

How Davos became the anti-establishment’s punching bag

KEY POINTS



<ul><li>A document outlining the European Commission’s aims for the REPowerEU plan was published on Wednesday.</li><li>It highlighted the importance of energy savings, the diversification of energy imports and speeding up what it called “Europe’s clean energy transition.”</li><li>The EU’s desire to wean itself off Russian hydrocarbons means it will need to find oil and gas from other parts of the world to plug supply gaps.</li></ul>



The European Commission has fleshed out details of a plan to ramp up the EU’s renewable energy capacity and reduce its reliance on Russian fossil fuels, at the same time acknowledging that existing coal facilities may have to be used for “longer than initially expected.”



A document outlining the Commission’s aims for the REPowerEU plan was published on Wednesday, highlighting the importance of energy savings, the diversification of energy imports and speeding up what it called “Europe’s clean energy transition.”



In total, it envisages extra investment of 210 billion euros ($220.87 billion) between 2022 and 2027. When it comes to renewables’ share in the EU’s energy mix, the Commission has proposed that the current target of 40% by 2030 should be increased to 45%.



The Commission’s proposals came on the same day the governments of Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium said they would aim for a combined target of at least 65 gigawatts of offshore wind capacity by 2030. By the middle of the century, they are aiming for 150 GW of capacity.



On the fossil fuel front, the situation is a challenging one. Russia was the biggest supplier of both petroleum oils and natural gas to the EU last year,&nbsp;<a href="https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_recent_developments#:~:text=Russia%20was%20the%20largest%20supplier,and%2C%20at%20some%20distance%20Algeria" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">according to Eurostat</a>.



The EU’s desire to wean itself off Russian hydrocarbons&nbsp;following the latter’s invasion of Ukraine&nbsp;means it will need to find oil and gas from other parts of the world to plug supply gaps.



The Commission said as much as 1.5 to 2 billion euros of investment would be needed to secure oil supply. To import enough liquefied natural gas and pipeline gas from other sources, an estimated 10 billion euros will be needed by 2030.



All the above comes at a time when the EU has said it wants to be carbon neutral by 2050. In the medium term, it wants net greenhouse gas emissions to be cut by at least 55% by 2030, which the EU calls its “Fit for 55” plan.



The Commission said REPowerEU could not work without what it called “a fast implementation of all Fit for 55 proposals and higher targets for renewables and energy efficiency.”



In this new reality, gas consumption in the EU would “reduce at a faster pace, limiting the role of gas as a transitional fuel,” the Commission said.



“However, shifting away from Russian fossil fuels will also require targeted investments for security of supply in gas infrastructure and very limited changes to oil infrastructure alongside large-scale investments in the electricity grid and an EU-wide hydrogen backbone,” it added.



“In parallel, some of the existing coal capacities might also be used longer than initially expected, with a role for nuclear power and domestic gas resources too,” the Commission said.



During a press conference on Wednesday the EU’s climate chief, Frans Timmermans, admitted that using less natural gas in a transitional phase would mean “you might use coal a bit longer — that has a negative impact on your emissions.”



“But if at the same time, as we propose, you rapidly speed up the introduction of renewables — solar, wind, biomethane — you then have the opposite movement,” he said.



Timmermans, who is the European Commission’s executive vice president for the European Green Deal, went on to stress the importance of finding a middle ground.



“If we can actually do what I say — reduce our energy consumption in combination with a speedier introduction of renewables — we will bring down our emissions even quicker than before,” he said.



“And then, of course we will have slightly higher emissions if people stick a bit longer to coal, but we need to strike the balance so that, on balance, we do not increase our emissions — we hopefully even decrease them more.”



Coal has a substantial effect on the environment, with Greenpeace describing it as “the dirtiest, most polluting way of producing energy.”



Elsewhere, the U.S. Energy Information Administration lists a range of emissions from coal combustion, including carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, particulates and nitrogen oxides.



The European Commission announcement drew criticism from a number of environmental organizations.



“These plans are supposed to fast-track the clean energy transition — but the European Commission’s latest strategy gives with one hand and takes with the other,” Eilidh Robb, an anti-fossil fuels campaigner at Friends of the Earth Europe, said.



“So-called REPowerEU contains useful and necessary strides towards renewable solutions but it simultaneously enables almost 50 fossil fuel infrastructure projects and expansions,” Robb said.

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World Bank’s Malpass says war in Ukraine may trigger global recession￼

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World Bank’s Malpass says war in Ukraine may trigger global recession

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African Union head to push Russia, Ukraine to unblock grain exports

Africa objects to U.S. push to reform health rules at WHO assembly

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