By Kate Kelland
April 23 (Reuters) &#8211; A potential new malaria vaccine has proved highly effective in a trial in babies in Africa, pointing to it one day possibly helping reduce the death toll from the mosquito-born disease that kills up to half a million young children a year.
The candidate vaccine, developed by scientists at Britain&#8217;s University of Oxford and called R21/Matrix-M, showed up to 77% efficacy in the year-long trial of 450 children in Burkina Faso, researchers leading the trial said in a statement.
The scientists, led by Adrian Hill, director of Oxford&#8217;s Jenner Institute and also one of the lead researchers behind the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, said they now plan to conduct final stage trials in some 4,800 children aged between 5 months and 3 years in four African Countries.
Hill said he had &#8220;high expectations for the potential of this vaccine&#8221; which he said would be the first against malaria to reach a World Health Organization (WHO) goal of a malaria shot with at least 75% efficacy.
Scientists around the world have been working for decades to develop a vaccine to prevent malaria &#8211; a complex infection caused by a parasite carried in the saliva of mosquitoes.
Malaria infects millions of people every year and kills more than 400,000 &#8211; most of them babies and young children in the poorest parts of Africa.
The world&#8217;s first and only licensed malaria vaccine, Mosquirix, was developed by GlaxoSmithKline over many years of clinical trial across several African countries, but is only partially effective at around 30%.
In the R21/Matrix-M trial in Burkina Faso, the 450 young children were divided into three groups. Two groups got three doses of the experimental vaccine along with either a low or a high dose of an adjuvant &#8211; an ingredient designed to super-charge the body&#8217;s response to a vaccine &#8211; while the third group was given a control vaccine.
Results, which researchers said would soon be published in The Lancet medical journal, showed efficacy of 77% in the high-dose adjuvant group and 74% among those who got the vaccine with a low-dose of adjuvant. (Reporting by Kate Kelland, Editing by William Maclean)
(c) Copyright Thomson Reuters 2021. Click For Restrictions &#8211; https://agency.reuters.com/en/copyright.html
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Potential new malaria vaccine shows promise in Burkina Faso trial

N&#8217;DJAMENA, April 23 (Reuters) &#8211; Thousands of people gathered at the main square in Chad&#8217;s capital N&#8217;Djamena on Friday to pay their respects to the late President Idriss Deby, who was killed while leading his troops against a rebel offensive on Monday.
French President Emmanuel Macron, Guinean President Alpha Conde and several other African leaders were expected to attend the funeral, despite rebel warnings they should not attend for security reasons.
Deby ruled Chad for more than 30 years and was one of Africa&#8217;s wiliest political survivors, holding on to power despite rebellions that reached as far as his palace gates.
Although criticised by human rights groups for his repressive rule, he established himself as a key military ally of Western powers in the international fight against Islamist militants.
&#8220;He liberated our country from dictatorship and gave us the opportunity to participate fully in democracy,&#8221; said Emmanuel Gaba, a young resident of the capital.
His death was announced by the army on Tuesday, a day after election officials said he had won a sixth term in office. Most of the opposition boycotted the vote.
&#8220;He protected us for so long that today we have come to wish him eternal rest. A deserved rest,&#8221; said Hassan Adoum, who attended the ceremony.
On Thursday a car with mounted speakers drove around N&#8217;Djamena telling residents not to panic if they hear cannon fire as Deby would receive a 21-gun salute. (Reporting by Hereward Holland; Editing by Angus MacSwan)
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Thousands gather to wish Chad’s slain president “a deserved rest”

* Rouble had surged on de-escalation of Ukraine tensions
* Russian central bank expected to hike by 25-50 bps
* Turkish lira worst EMEA performer this week
By Ambar Warrick
April 23 (Reuters) &#8211; Russia&#8217;s rouble rose on Friday before a widely expected interest rate move as tensions with Ukraine de-escalated, while most emerging-market currencies fell but were set for a third week of gains on continued dollar weakness.
The rouble rose about 0.2% to a one-month high of 75.0350 to the dollar. It had jumped 1.6% on Thursday after Russia said it was withdrawing troops from near the border with Ukraine, apparently calling an end to a military buildup that had alarmed the West.
Russian stocks fell 0.3%. The MSCI&#8217;s index of EM stocks rose 0.6%
Investors were now anticipating a rate decision by the Russian central bank at 1030 GMT. It&#8217;s expected to raise rates by 25 to 50 basis points amid growing calls from the government to rein in inflation.
&#8220;The underlying dynamics reflect a continued acceleration in price pressures. At its 19 March directors’ meeting, the Central Bank ended its easing cycle and hiked the policy rate 25 bps to 4.5%; we expect another hike of 50 bps, followed by a similar hike at the next meeting,&#8221; analysts at TS Lombard said.
&#8220;Headline year-on-year CPI will likely dip in April on base effects before resuming its upward trajectory.&#8221;
The MSCI&#8217;s index of emerging-market currencies rose 0.1% on Friday and was set for a third straight week of gains, as weakness in the dollar and Treasury yields made risk-driven assets appear more attractive.
But a damaging new wave of COVID-19 cases across the developing world hurt emerging-market assets. Bank of America flows data showed investors pulled back $1.3 billion from emerging-market equities in the week to Wednesday.
India&#8217;s rupee was set for a weekly loss of 0.4%, as a record-high COVID-19 infection rate in the country hammered its risk assets with the prospect of more lockdown measures.
Turkey&#8217;s lira was the worst-performing currency across Europe, the Middle East and Africa this week and was set for weekly losses of 3.4%. It fell 0.3% on Friday, as a local holiday kept trading light.
The lira came under pressure from the possibility of further deterioration in Washington-Ankara ties, as reports suggested the United States was gearing up to formally recognise the massacre of Armenians by the Ottoman Empire during World War One as an act of genocide.
In central Europe, Hungary&#8217;s forint rose 0.1% against the euro, on optimism over plans to scale back some virus curbs as vaccinations neared 40% of the population.
For GRAPHIC on emerging market FX performance in 2021, see http://tmsnrt.rs/2egbfVh For GRAPHIC on MSCI emerging index performance in 2021, see https://tmsnrt.rs/2OusNdX

For TOP NEWS across emerging markets
For CENTRAL EUROPE market report, see
For TURKISH market report, see
For RUSSIAN market report, see (Reporting by Ambar Warrick in Bengaluru, editing by Larry King)
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EMERGING MARKETS-Rouble at 1-mth high before central bank meets; FX up  for 3rd week

* New tender rounds opening up rich Arabian-Nubian shield
* Five firms have signed gold exploration contracts
* Government seeking $1 billion of investment annually
* Consultant says copper also holds high potential
By Nadine Awadalla
CAIRO, April 23 (Reuters) &#8211; Mining companies awarded blocks in Egypt&#8217;s Eastern Desert are set to start exploring for gold under a legislative overhaul that seeks eventually to unlock vast untapped mineral resources.
Despite plentiful reserves and a rich mining history that gave rise to elaborate Pharaonic gold jewellery, Egypt has just one commercial gold mine in operation. Foreign investment in oil and gas has grown, but mining has languished.
Now, the country is banking on high gold prices and amended mining laws that scrap red tape and a profit-sharing rule, unpopular in the industry, to lure interest.
One year after launching its first bid round under the new rules, it has so far clinched five gold exploration contracts in a first bidding round and kept the tendering system rolling as it tries to build momentum.
The government is looking to attract $1 billion in annual investments in mining, a target industry sources say could be within reach.
&#8220;Success is ultimately going to be measured by how many mines are going to be discovered and advanced to production,&#8221; said Patrick Barnes, Head of Metals &amp; Mining Consulting EMEARC at Wood Mackenzie, which advised Egypt&#8217;s government on its mining law reforms.
&#8220;Early indicators show us that this bid round was much better than the ones held previously.&#8221;

&#8216;HEALTHY MIX&#8217;
In its initial tender, Egypt in November awarded 82 exploration blocks to what metals analysts say is a healthy mix of 11 companies, ranging from junior explorers to industry giants such as Barrick Gold.
The blocks on offer are in the Arabian-Nubian shield geological formation, which flanks the Red Sea and is believed to be one of the most mineral rich areas in the world.
Egypt&#8217;s mining drive is still at an early stage.
UK-based Altus Strategies told Reuters it was looking to build up its technical team and conduct remote sensing and mapping operations on the 1,500 square kilometres of land it has been awarded before starting exploration.
It expects to invest several million dollars in the short term but that could rise above $100-$200 million if a economic discovery is made.
A spokeswoman for Canada-based B2Gold, which also won concessions, said the company was looking forward to starting exploration soon &#8220;given the relative under-investment in modern exploration, and therefore untapped potential in the historically prospective Arabian-Nubian Shield&#8221;.
Mining firms welcomed the elimination of a requirement to form joint ventures with the Egyptian government, and the capping of state royalties at 20%.
However, the retention of a tendering process for exploration blocks limits the chances of any gold boom, said Sami El Raghy, Chairman of Australia-based Nordana Pty Ltd.
&#8220;No other successful mining countries use this process. They all have a clear transparent mining laws stipulating the qualification, obligations and the rights of investors. (They) work on the principle first come, first served,&#8221; said El Raghy, who was also a founder of Egypt&#8217;s first and only commercial gold mine, Sukari.
The Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources declined to comment.

GOLD PRICE
On average, a mining project goes from discovery to production in 10-15 years. While gold prices have eased after reaching a record in 2020, economists expect they will remain high by historical standards over coming years.
&#8220;If you get to a point where several discoveries are made, Egypt could be one of the largest gold producers in Africa&#8230; It had top-tier potential,&#8221; said Steven Poulton, CEO of Altus Strategies.
Environmental campaigners, however, say there is no justification for gold mining. It generates emissions, can add to water-stress and in contrast to copper and battery minerals is not in demand from technologies that can bring about a low carbon economy.
The government has said it is open to other minerals, but gold is the focus for now.
&#8220;Gold is absolutely the best thing for them to start with, because there&#8217;s a known amount of it,&#8221; said Wood Mackenzie&#8217;s Barnes.
&#8220;Egypt has immense potential for mining copper and gold and other commodities. The biggest concern in the industry is lack of supply for copper, places like Egypt which are considered underexplored and high potential are going to get a lot of attention if they can maintain investment conditions,&#8221; he added. (Reporting by Nadine Awadalla; Editing by Aidan Lewis and Barbara Lewis)
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Miners seek gold under the desert sands after Egypt changes rules

Apr 23 (OPTA) &#8211; Scores from the PGA Tour Zurich Classic of New Orleans on Thursday -10 Brice Garnett (USA) 62 Viktor Hovland (Norway) 62 -9 Keegan Bradley (USA) 63 Cameron Champ (USA) 63 Billy Horschel (USA) 63 Mark Hubbard (USA) 63 Kyoung-Hoon Lee (Korea Republic) 63 Marc Leishman (Australia) 63 Louis Oosthuizen (South Africa) 63 -8 Wyndham Clark (USA) 64 Tyler Duncan (USA) 64 Charley Hoffman (USA) 64 Xander Schauffele (USA) 64 Roger Sloan (Canada) 64 Bubba Watson (USA) 64 -7 Dylan Frittelli (South Africa) 65 Matt Jones (Australia) 65 Russell Knox (Scotland) 65 Jason Kokrak (USA) 65 Peter Malnati (USA) 65 Scott Piercy (USA) 65 Jon Rahm (Spain) 65 Henrik Stenson (Sweden) 65 Justin Suh (USA) 65 Michael Thompson (USA) 65 Cameron Tringale (USA) 65 Richy Werenski (USA) 65 Danny Willett (England) 65 -6 Austin Cook (USA) 66 Max Homa (USA) 66 Nelson Ledesma (Argentina) 66 Graeme McDowell (Northern Ireland) 66 Keith Mitchell (USA) 66 Rob Oppenheim (USA) 66 Cameron Percy (Australia) 66 Doc Redman (USA) 66 Brendon Todd (USA) 66 -5 Michael Gligic (Canada) 67 Branden Grace (South Africa) 67 Chesson Hadley (USA) 67 David Hearn (Canada) 67 Harry Higgs (USA) 67 Rasmus Hojgaard (Denmark) 67 Michael Kim (USA) 67 Martin Laird (Scotland) 67 Hank Lebioda (USA) 67 Alex Noren (Sweden) 67 Thomas Pieters (Belgium) 67 Andrew Putnam (USA) 67 Robby Shelton (USA) 67 -4 Albert Woody Austin II (USA) 68 Rafael Campos (Puerto Rico) 68 Jason Dufner (USA) 68 Matt Every (USA) 68 J.B. Holmes (USA) 68 Sungjae Im (Korea Republic) 68 Sung-hoon Kang (Korea Republic) 68 Matthew NeSmith (USA) 68 Sepp Straka (Austria) 68 Jhonattan Vegas (Venezuela) 68 Tim Wilkinson (New Zealand) 68 -3 Joel Dahmen (USA) 69 Rhein Gibson (Australia) 69 Tom Hoge (USA) 69 Danny Lee (New Zealand) 69 Maverick McNealy (USA) 69 Troy Merritt (USA) 69 Kevin Stadler (USA) 69 Martin Trainer (USA) 69 -2 Kevin Kisner (USA) 70 Hunter Mahan (USA) 70 Collin Morikawa (USA) 70 Chez Reavie (USA) 70 D.J. Trahan (USA) 70 Kevin Tway (USA) 70 Bo Van Pelt (USA) 70 -1 Kiradech Aphibarnrat (Thailand) 71 Ryan Blaum (USA) 71 Bo Hoag (USA) 71 Cheng-Tsung Pan (Chinese Taipei) 71 
(c) Copyright Opta Sports Data 2021. All Rights Reserved
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PGA Tour Zurich Classic of New Orleans Scores

By Nelson Acosta
HAVANA, April 22 (Reuters) &#8211; Cuba reported a record 1,207 new coronavirus cases on Thursday as the arrival of more contagious new virus variants like the one first discovered in South Africa fuels its worst outbreak since the start of the pandemic.
While the government in the Caribbean&#8217;s largest island did a good job initially at containing infections, the opening of borders in November without requiring negative COVID-19 tests and subsequent year-end socializing sparked a surge in cases that a lockdown and curfew have failed to curb.
Health authorities, who complain of a low risk perception among Cubans, have said many of the institutions dedicated to COVID-19 patients are full and they are seeking to open new centers to take in suspected cases and patients.
However, Cuba&#8217;s vaunted medical system is not near the breaking point, they say.
The rise in infections comes as Cuba races to develop its own COVID-19 vaccines rather than import shots developed elsewhere. It has two experimental vaccines in late-stage trials that are already being administered to medical staff.
&#8220;Scientists have determined there is a growing presence of the variant discovered in South Africa, which is more contagious and lethal if we do not improve the way we treat it,&#8221; President Miguel Diaz-Canel said on Twitter on Wednesday.
Cuba&#8217;s top epidemiologist Francisco Duran said 21,691 cases had been detected in April, which represents 1,032 daily infections on average in the country of 11 million inhabitants.
The April death toll, at 134, was already 33 higher than in the entire month of March, he said. That included the first pediatric death &#8211; a 4-year old girl.
That said, Cuba&#8217;s COVID-19 death rate per capita is still a fraction of the world average.
Cuban authorities have said they have so far spent $170 million to fight a pandemic that has deprived the economy, crippled by its own inefficiencies and U.S. sanctions, of tourism.
The government has expressed hope that its vaccine candidates will not only allow them to curb the pandemic but also to boost the economy through exports. Cuba expects to start a mass vaccination campaign in Havana in May, before clinical trials conclude.
Selling its vaccines to other countries would also be a public relations coup for the Communist-run country that has come under significant pressure from the United States and right-wing governments in Latin America in recent years. (Reporting by Nelson Acosta Writing by Sarah Marsh; Editing by Bill Berkrot)
(c) Copyright Thomson Reuters 2021. Click For Restrictions &#8211; https://agency.reuters.com/en/copyright.html
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South African virus variant fuels record Cuban COVID-19 cases

Apr 22 (OPTA) &#8211; Scores from the European Tour Gran Canaria Open on Thursday -7 Joachim B. Hansen (Denmark) 63 Maximilian Kieffer (Germany) 63 Joost Luiten (Netherlands) 63 Robin Roussel (France) 63 -6 Wil Besseling (Netherlands) 64 Richard Bland (England) 64 Alejandro Del Rey (Spain) 64 Ben Evans (England) 64 Matt Ford (England) 64 Scott Jamieson (Scotland) 64 Julian Suri (USA) 64 -5 Dean Burmester (South Africa) 65 Rafa Cabrera Bello (Spain) 65 Jamie Donaldson (Wales) 65 Rhys Enoch (Wales) 65 Justin Harding (South Africa) 65 Grégory Havret (France) 65 Garrick Higgo (South Africa) 65 Mike Lorenzo-Vera (France) 65 Thorbjørn Olesen (Denmark) 65 Eddie Pepperell (England) 65 Matthias Schwab (Austria) 65 Clément Sordet (France) 65 Oliver Wilson (England) 65 -4 Maverick Antcliff (Australia) 66 Niall Kearney (Republic of Ireland) 66 Francesco Laporta (Italy) 66 Pablo Larrazábal (Spain) 66 Zander Lombard (South Africa) 66 Jake McLeod (Australia) 66 Matthieu Pavon (France) 66 Benjamin Poke (Denmark) 66 Antoine Rozner (France) 66 Ajeetesh Sandhu (India) 66 Max Schmitt (Germany) 66 Jack Senior (England) 66 Darius Van Driel (Netherlands) 66 Lars Van Meijel (Netherlands) 66 Borja Virto (Spain) 66 -3 Alexander Björk (Sweden) 67 Ivan Cantero (Spain) 67 John Catlin (USA) 67 Sean Crocker (USA) 67 Lorenzo Gagli (Italy) 67 Tom Gandy (Isle of Man) 67 Nicolai Hojgaard (Denmark) 67 Matthew Jordan (England) 67 Sihwan Kim (Korea Republic) 67 Romain Langasque (France) 67 Ondrej Lieser (Czech Republic) 67 Adrian Meronk (Poland) 67 Tapio Pulkkanen (Finland) 67 Alvaro Quiros (Spain) 67 Cormac Sharvin (Northern Ireland) 67 Lee Slattery (England) 67 Jeff Winther (Denmark) 67 Ashun Wu (China PR) 67 Suradit Yongcharoenchai (Thailand) 67 -2 Jonathan Caldwell (Northern Ireland) 68 David Drysdale (Scotland) 68 Victor Dubuisson (France) 68 Paul Dunne (Republic of Ireland) 68 Oliver Farr (Wales) 68 Gonzalo Fernandez Castano (Spain) 68 Grant Forrest (Scotland) 68 Julien Guerrier (France) 68 Calum Hill (Scotland) 68 Raphaël Jacquelin (France) 68 Andrew Johnston (England) 68 Tyler Koivosto (USA) 68 Mikko Korhonen (Finland) 68 Richard Mansell (England) 68 Garrick Porteous (England) 68 Haydn Porteous (South Africa) 68 Richie Ramsay (Scotland) 68 Kalle Samooja (Finland) 68 Marcel Schneider (Germany) 68 Robin Sciot-Siegrist (France) 68 Jordan L Smith (England) 68 Joël Stalter (France) 68 Toby Tree (England) 68 Paul Waring (England) 68 Fabrizio Zanotti (Paraguay) 68 -1 Marcus Armitage (England) 69 Adri Arnaus (Spain) 69 Austin Bautista (Australia) 69 Nino Bertasio (Italy) 69 Gaganjeet Bhullar (India) 69 Jorge Campillo (Spain) 69 Louis De Jager (South Africa) 69 Oliver Fisher (England) 69 Ross Fisher (England) 69 Sebastian Garcia Rodriguez (Spain) 69 Alfredo Garcia-Heredia (Spain) 69 Sebastian Heisele (Germany) 69 Sam Horsfield (England) 69 Kaske Janne (Finland) 69 Masahiro Kawamura (Japan) 69 Richard McEvoy (England) 69 Edoardo Molinari (Italy) 69 James Morrison (England) 69 Adrien Saddier (France) 69 Oscar Sanchez (Spain) 69 Ricardo Santos (Portugal) 69 Shubhankar Sharma (India) 69 Justin Walters (South Africa) 69 Dale Whitnell (England) 69 0 Alejandro Cañizares (Spain) 70 Ashley Chesters (England) 70 David Coupland (England) 70 Scott Fernandez (Spain) 70 Berry Henson (USA) 70 Liam Johnston (Scotland) 70 Alexander Levy (France) 70 Guido Migliozzi (Italy) 70 Adrian Otaegui (Spain) 70 Carlos Pigem (Spain) 70 Andy Sullivan (England) 70 Steven Tiley (England) 70 Samuel Del Val (Spain) 70 Johannes Veerman (USA) 70 Chris Wood (England) 70 1 Pep Angles (Spain) 71 Lucas Bjerregaard (Denmark) 71 Steven Brown (England) 71 Yikeun Chang (Korea Republic) 71 Aaron Cockerill (Canada) 71 Eduardo De La Riva (Spain) 71 Jean-Baptiste Gonnet (France) 71 David Howell (England) 71 Kurt Kitayama (USA) 71 Søren Kjeldsen (Denmark) 71 David Law (Scotland) 71 Pedro Oriol (Spain) 71 Thomas Sloman (England) 71 Sebastian Soderberg (Sweden) 71 Matthew Southgate (England) 71 Carl Suneson (Spain) 71 Connor Syme (Scotland) 71 Euan Walker (Scotland) 71 2 Pedro Figueiredo (Portugal) 72 Benjamin Hebert (France) 72 Eduard Rousaud Sabate (Spain) 72 3 Rikard Karlberg (Sweden) 73 Joakim Lagergren (Sweden) 73 Ross McGowan (England) 73 4 S.S.P. Chawrasia (India) 74 Peter Hanson (Sweden) 74 6 Nacho Elvira (Spain) 76 8 Andrea Pavan (Italy) 78 13 Inaki Urriza Fuentes (Spain) 83 
(c) Copyright Opta Sports Data 2021. All Rights Reserved
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European Tour Gran Canaria Open Scores

OTTAWA, April 22 (Reuters) &#8211; Canada&#8217;s government, under pressure to suspend flights from India and Brazil over fears about the spread of the coronavirus, could make an announcement on the matter shortly, a senior medical official said on Thursday.
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said earlier this week that officials were studying the example of Britain, which is obliging foreigners who have been in India in the past 10 days to spend 10 days in quarantine.
Dr. Howard Njoo, Canada&#8217;s deputy chief public health officer, said officials were looking at developments in hot spots such as India and Brazil, where COVID-19 cases are surging.
&#8220;I think perhaps we will have an announcement about the border soon,&#8221; he told a briefing when asked about a clamp-down on travel from India and Brazil, but did not give details.
Prominent right-leaning politicians complain the center-left Liberal government of Justin Trudeau has not done nearly enough to combat the threat as a third wave of infections rips through Canada, overwhelming healthcare systems.
&#8220;The Liberals&#8217; slow and incompetent pandemic response has allowed dangerous COVID variants into Canada. We must temporarily suspend flights from hot spot countries to secure the borders,&#8221; said Erin O&#8217;Toole, leader of the official opposition Conservative Party.
Trudeau, speaking to Global television on Wednesday night, said community spread rather than international travel continued to be the main concern.
Quebec premier Francois Legault said this week &#8220;we worry about flights coming from countries like India and Brazil.&#8221;
The two countries have become the latest epicenter of the pandemic.
France is imposing a 10-day quarantine for travelers from Brazil, Chile, Argentina, South Africa and India, while the United Arab Emirates has suspended all flights from India (Reporting by David Ljunggren Editing by Bill Berkrot)
(c) Copyright Thomson Reuters 2021. Click For Restrictions &#8211; https://agency.reuters.com/en/copyright.html
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Canada, under pressure to bar India, Brazil flights, could soon make announcement -official

LONDON, April 22 (Reuters) &#8211; Britain found 55 more cases of the B.1.617 coronavirus variant first detected in India in latest weekly figures, Public Health England said on Thursday, with India set to be added on the travel red list from Friday morning.
A total of 132 confirmed and probable cases of the B.1.617 variant have now been found in Britain. Health minister Matt Hancock on Monday announced India would be added to the red-list, meaning arrivals will have to quarantine in hotels.
There were 70 more cases of the variant first found in South Africa, known as B.1.351, in the week running to April 21, PHE said. (Reporting by Alistair Smout, editing by Andy Bruce)
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As India added to travel red-list, Britain finds 55 more cases of coronavirus variant

FRENCH INTERIOR MINISTER DARMANIN SAYS FROM SATURDAY, A 10-DAY QUARANTINE WILL BE IMPOSED FOR TRAVELERS FROM BRAZIL, CHILE, ARGENTINA, SOUTH AFRICA AND INDIA
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FRENCH INTERIOR MINISTER DARMANIN SAYS FROM SATURDAY, A 10-DAY QUARANTINE WILL BE IMPOSED FOR TRAVELERS FROM BRAZIL, CHILE, ARGENTINA, SOUTH AFRICA AND INDIA

By Emeline Wuilbercq
ADDIS ABABA, April 22 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) &#8211; From free school meals to decent work for adults, African officials are working to bring child labourers who dropped out of school due to COVID-19 back into the classroom to avoid a lost generation and meet a pledge to end child labour by 2025.
With school closures, income losses, deepening poverty and limited social services, children across the continent have been forced into work &#8211; in gold mines in Mali, cocoa farms in Ivory Coast and hawking on the streets of Uganda. [nL8N2IH56K}
&#8220;It&#8217;s very important &#8230; to ensure that we don&#8217;t lose a generation,&#8221; Cynthia Samuel-Olonjuwon, the International Labour Organization (ILO) Regional Director for Africa, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation in an interview.
&#8220;If we don&#8217;t look after them, if we don&#8217;t equip them, if we don&#8217;t skill them up and prepare them, then they&#8217;re not going to be useful in the labour market,&#8221; said Samuel-Olonjuwon, who is also the ILO&#8217;s Assistant Director-General.
The number of child labourers worldwide has dropped significantly to 152 million children from 246 million in 2000, but the United Nations (U.N.) fears the COVID-19 pandemic is set to reverse these gains.
With one in five children working, Africa is the region most affected by underage labour and home to almost half of the world&#8217;s child labourers, some 72 million children.
The U.N. has made 2021 the International Year for the Elimination of Child Labour, saying urgent action was needed to meet a goal of ending the practice by 2025.
Many children labourers will need support to return to class, such as night schools, social assistance and free school meals, said African Union Commissioner Amira El Fadil.
&#8220;School-feeding programs address this issue of child labour indirectly,&#8221; said El Fadil, whose work focuses on health, humanitarian affairs and social development.
&#8220;In some countries, they don&#8217;t only take the food to the children in the school, they take the food to the families,&#8221; she said, adding that such programmes have proven successful in tackling child labour in Africa in the past.
Providing more decent work for adults is also a top priority to stem child labour in Africa, where approximately 85% of employment is in the informal economy, said the ILO&#8217;s Samuel-Olonjuwon.
About 85% of Africa&#8217;s child labourers work in agriculture, largely on family farms, according to the African Union&#8217;s 10-year plan to eradicate child labour, adopted last year.
Children are often taught to work at home and on the farm to learn responsibility &#8211; but this positive goal of socialising young people can sometimes lead to exploitation, child rights experts say.
&#8220;Over the last 20 years &#8230; a lot of work has been done to make member states in Africa recognise that child labour is a problem and that there&#8217;s a difference between child labour and socialisation,&#8221; Samuel-Olonjuwon said.
&#8220;I&#8217;m so pleased that things have moved from that, but it hasn&#8217;t moved fast enough. And I&#8217;m hoping that the fact that we know that we have only four years until 2025 will really propel us to take action.&#8221;
(Reporting by Emeline Wuilbercq @emwuilbercq; Editing by Katy Migiro. Please credit the Thomson Reuters Foundation, the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters, that covers the lives of people around the world who struggle to live freely or fairly. Visit http://news.trust.org)
(c) Copyright Thomson Reuters 2021. Click For Restrictions &#8211; https://agency.reuters.com/en/copyright.html
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Africa’s children need to get back to school to avoid ‘lost generation’

By Nita Bhalla
NAIROBI, April 22 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) &#8211; Developing countries have used most of their COVID-19 recovery funds to bail out big business, neglecting millions of people who have been pushed into poverty including cash-in-hand workers, women and the disabled, a study showed on Thursday.
In eight countries, an average of 63% of pandemic-related state aid went to big businesses, while 26% went to social protection schemes, 10% to small and medium-sized enterprises, and only 1% to informal sector workers.
The findings by the Financial Transparency Coalition (FTC) civil society group were based on spending in Kenya, South Africa, Sierra Leone, Bangladesh, Nepal, Honduras, Guatemala and El Salvador.
India was analysed separately because of government changes to the definition of a small business during the pandemic.
&#8220;By the end of 2021, 150 million people are expected to fall into extreme poverty due to the pandemic,&#8221; the FTC&#8217;s director, Matti Kohonen, said in a statement.
&#8220;(But) those most impacted by this crisis in the Global South – the poor, informal workers, and smaller businesses – are being left out,&#8221; he said as the group called for tax hikes on big companies and the rich to tackle growing inequality.
COVID-19 has unleashed an economic storm that has hit the poor and vulnerable hardest, with women and marginalised workers facing the worst of job losses. The World Bank warns up to 150 million people are at risk of living on less than $1.90 a day.
The latest estimates by the International Monetary Fund show the world economy shrunk by 3.3% in 2020, and numerous studies have detailed how the crisis has exacerbated economic inequalities.
In Africa, Kenya allocated 92% of its pandemic-related funds to corporations, followed by Sierra Leone with 74%, according to the FTC research.
Nepal and South Africa were close behind, channeling 68% and 66% to big businesses respectively. Bangladesh gave corporates 63%, while neighbour India earmarked 21% of state aid to big businesses.
In Central America, El Salvador allocated 44% to companies, followed by just 5% in Honduras and 3% in Guatemala, which was the only nation to spend more than half of its funds on social protection schemes.
India dedicated 38% of the aid to welfare schemes, a share that reached 32% in South Africa.
Despite making up most of the workforce in all nine countries, informal workers got just 2% of state aid on average.
Bangladesh, where cash-in-hand workers represent 85% of the labour force, they were allocated nothing, as was also the case in South Africa, Nepal and Honduras.
Other vulnerable groups such as women, the disabled and the elderly, fared even worse, receiving less than 1%.
Chenai Mukumba, research manager at Tax Justice Network Africa &#8211; an FTC member, said the allocations given to corporates were disproportionate and did not always prevent job losses.
&#8220;Once you&#8217;ve given these resources to corporates, you have no control whether it&#8217;s going to support their workers and save jobs or elsewhere, and we often don&#8217;t see the trickle-down effect,&#8221; Mukumba said. (Reporting by Nita Bhalla @nitabhalla; Editing by Helen Popper. Please credit the Thomson Reuters Foundation, the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters, that covers the lives of people around the world who struggle to live freely or fairly. Visit http://news.trust.org)
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Companies, not poor, get most COVID-19 aid in developing world, says study

April 22 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) &#8211; As the United States pledged to cut its climate-heating emissions by 50%-52% by 2030 on Thursday, climate and energy analysts said the new commitment puts the United States back in an international leadership role on climate action.
But the pledge &#8211; which some said still falls short of what is needed to achieve the most ambitious goals of the Paris Agreement to curb global warming &#8211; must now be met and mirrored by other big-emitting nations to avoid the worst impacts of climate change, policy experts and green groups said.
Here is a selection of their comments:
Manish Bapna, CEO, World Resources Institute:
&#8220;This target will serve as the North Star for President Biden&#8217;s domestic agenda. It will create a more equitable and prosperous society.
&#8220;At a time when the country is looking to bounce back from the pandemic, this goal will help unleash millions of good jobs, boost business and drive innovation.
&#8220;The new U.S. emissions target raises the bar for other countries as we head toward the U.N. climate summit in Glasgow. The message to other major emitters is loud and clear: It’s your move next.&#8221; Rachel Cleetus, policy director and lead economist for the climate and energy program, Union of Concerned Scientists:
&#8220;After years of U.S. federal inaction to address its role in the climate crisis, today the Biden administration has presented all of us with significant reason for hope.
&#8220;Reducing U.S. emissions of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases by 50-52% below 2005 levels by 2030 is a floor to build upon.
&#8220;Clear and compelling science tells us that deeper cuts are essential to stave off the worst climate impacts&#8230; Communities on the frontlines of worsening heatwaves, storms, flooding, wildfires and drought cannot afford anything less.&#8221;
Mohamed Adow, director, Power Shift Africa think-tank:
&#8220;The plan laid out by President Biden is hugely welcome and shows the kind of ambition we need to see from rich, polluting nations.
&#8220;But truth must be told: It still falls short of what is needed from the biggest historical emitter and wealthiest country to stabilise global heating to below 1.5C.
&#8220;Until now the actions of all rich countries, including those in Europe as well as Australia, Japan and Canada, have been hugely underwhelming. This summit is a major turning point.
&#8220;After four years of Trump, they may have thought they could get away with mediocre commitments, but now the United States is showing them up.&#8221; Brandon Wu, director of policy and campaigns, ActionAid USA:
“The Biden administration’s new climate target to halve emissions by 2030 &#8230; is still deeply insufficient to meet the realities of the climate crisis.
&#8220;ActionAid is calling on the United States to commit to its &#8216;fair share&#8217; of climate action &#8211; a 70% emissions cut by 2030, plus financial support so that developing countries can transition to greener economies and adapt and recover from the devastating impacts of climate change.
&#8220;As the world&#8217;s biggest historical emitter, the United States has a responsibility to the most vulnerable nations on the frontlines of the climate crisis.&#8221; Mark Watts, executive director, C40 Cities:
&#8220;We are finally witnessing a shift: national leaders are recognising the scale of the climate emergency and moving towards the urgent action needed to avoid the catastrophic impacts on the horizon.
&#8220;The science is clear &#8211; global emissions must be cut by 50% in the next decade if we are to avoid climate breakdown.
&#8220;The change is already underway in C40 cities &#8211; with LA&#8217;s commitment to providing a 97% carbon-free energy mix by 2030, Oslo&#8217;s carbon targets enshrined into the city’s budget (and) the world’s largest 16,000 strong electric bus fleet in Shenzhen.
&#8220;Cities are demonstrating how governments at every level can meet the scale of the challenge and create thriving, healthy and prosperous communities for all.&#8221;
Dorothy Guerrero, head of policy, Global Justice Now:
&#8220;It is a relief that the United States is back and trying to show climate leadership, after four years of hurtling in the wrong direction under President Trump.
&#8220;But what Biden is considering simply isn&#8217;t good enough or fair enough for a country that has been one of the single largest carbon emitters for over a century.
&#8220;Rich countries like the United States and United Kingdom need to go far further and faster to make up for their historic planetary destruction.&#8221;
Nathaniel Keohane, senior vice president for climate, Environmental Defense Fund:
“President Biden has met the moment and the urgency that the climate crisis demands. The message from the White House is clear: The United States is ready to go all-in to beat the climate crisis.
&#8220;This target aligns with what the science says is necessary to put the world on the path to a safer climate, and vaults the United States into the top tier of world leaders on climate ambition.
&#8220;For four years, the world wondered what’s going on with the United States. Now they’re going to have to race to keep up.&#8221;
Helen Clarkson, CEO, The Climate Group:
“It’s fantastic to see President Biden set out this commitment which is what the world needs as the U.S. rejoins the global consensus on climate.
&#8220;In the last four years, businesses, states, and individuals across the United States have delivered ambitious climate action in the absence of federal leadership. With support from an ambitious administration, so much more can be done.
&#8220;However, urgent work is needed to deliver these emissions reductions. This is the climate decade – we must halve emissions by 2030. We look forward to seeing the policies that the administration implements, matched by investment plans, to achieve these goals.&#8221; Abby Maxman, president, Oxfam America:
“President Biden’s new climate target demonstrates that he and his administration are serious about tackling the climate crisis – but the hard work is just beginning.
“While this new commitment is a positive step in the right direction and worth celebrating, more action is urgently needed.
&#8220;The impact of climate change is already disproportionately harming those who are most vulnerable, especially women and marginalised communities.&#8221; Dipti Bhatnagar, international programme coordinator for climate justice and energy, Friends of the Earth International in Mozambique:
“The U.S. climate target unveiled today is magnitudes below the United States&#8217; fair share of climate action, both in terms of actual greenhouse gas reductions and providing finance and other assistance for communities in the Global South as they reel from a climate crisis they did not create.
“Droughts are destroying crops, cyclones are levelling homes and whole nations are literally disappearing. These climate goals are neither driven by justice and equity nor by science, and that is not acceptable.&#8221;
Mitchell Bernard, president, Natural Resources Defense Council:
“This weds climate action to equitable recovery at home and U.S. leadership abroad. It aligns national policy with the minimum that science demands, the economy needs, and the global community is counting on the country to provide.
“This pledge rises to the urgency of the task. It’s ambitious yet achievable. We can do this &#8211; and do it in a way that creates millions of good-paying jobs, makes our communities healthier and our society more equitable.
Dominic Waughray, managing director, World Economic Forum:
&#8220;While there is still much to be done, the United States&#8217; announcement is a major political turning point.
&#8220;Combined with existing commitments to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 from the EU, the UK and other major economies including China, Japan and the Republic of Korea, major governments are now committing to a significant effort required for the world to meet net-zero emissions by 2050.&#8221; (Reporting by Laurie Goering @lauriegoering; editing by Megan Rowling. Please credit the Thomson Reuters Foundation, the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters. Visit http://news.trust.org/climate)
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EXPERT VIEWS-U.S. emissions pledge fires starting gun on climate race, analysts say

By Nqobile Dludla
JOHANNESBURG, April 22 (Reuters) &#8211; South Africa&#8217;s largest logistics company Imperial Logistics has been awarded the tender to import COVID-19 vaccines for the second and subsequent phases of the country&#8217;s vaccination programme, it told Reuters on Thursday.
Imperial Logistics was among a slew of bidders who had shown interest in importing, storing and distributing vaccines in the country under a tender floated by the government in February for its phase 2 vaccination drive.
The government is yet to announce the names of the selected bidders, a health ministry spokesman said, but Imperial Logistics confirmed in an emailed response it had won the contract for imports.
&#8220;Imperial is pleased to announce that we have been awarded the opportunity to participate in the importation of COVID-19 vaccines into South Africa,&#8221; the logistics company said in an emailed response.
The government plans to start the much-delayed phase 2 of its vaccination programme from May 17, under which it plans to inoculate essential workers, people working in crowded settings, people over 60 years of age and those over 18 years with higher health risks.
It is buying the vaccines from Johnson &amp; Johnson and Pfizer, with J&amp;J&#8217;s first commercial batch expected this month. All the shots that South Africa will receive from J&amp;J will be manufactured at a local facility of Aspen Pharmacare , J&amp;J has said.
Imperial Logistics said while it will not be involved in the transportation, storage and distribution of the vaccines locally, its mandate also involves delivering the J&amp;J vaccine from the Aspen facility to other local distributors.
Other bidders for the tender include pharmacy chain Clicks Group&#8217;s United Pharmaceutical Distributors, alongside rival Dis-Chem Pharmacies, the local unit of Denmark&#8217;s DSV Panalpina and FedEx Express South Africa.
DSV declined to comment on the tender awards, while others were yet to hear from the health ministry. (Reporting by Nqobile Dludla; Editing by Promit Mukherjee and Jan Harvey)
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S.Africa’s Imperial Logistics says it has been selected to import COVID-19 vaccines

KGANYAGO SAYS HIGH INFLATION MAKES SOUTH AFRICA LESS COMPETITIVE THAN PEER COUNTRIES
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KGANYAGO SAYS HIGH INFLATION MAKES SOUTH AFRICA LESS COMPETITIVE THAN PEER COUNTRIES

By Megan Rowling
BARCELONA, April 22 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) &#8211; The U.N. chief called for rich countries to make good on their promises of climate finance for developing nations at the G7 meeting in June, warning at a Thursday summit hosted by the U.S. president that the world is &#8220;at the verge of the abyss&#8221;.
Addressing the virtual summit on Earth Day, U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said &#8220;dangerous greenhouse gases are at levels not seen in 3 million years&#8221;.
He noted that global warming had already hit 1.2 degrees Celsius and is &#8220;racing toward the threshold of catastrophe&#8221;.
Climate heating &#8211; which governments agreed in 2015 to try to hold to a ceiling of 1.5C &#8211; is already causing &#8220;ever rising sea-levels, scorching temperatures, devastating tropical cyclones and epic wildfires&#8221;, Guterres added.
&#8220;We need a green planet &#8211; but the world is on red alert,&#8221; he said. &#8220;We must make sure the next step is in the right direction. Leaders everywhere must take action.&#8221;
Poorer countries, along with climate scientists, businesses and green groups, want the summit convened by U.S. President Joe Biden to ignite a virtuous circle of stronger action in 2021, seen as a decisive year for keeping climate goals in sight.
Before the summit, the Biden administration on Thursday pledged to slash U.S. greenhouse gas emissions by 50%-52% from 2005 levels by 2030, a new target it hopes will spur other big-emitter nations to boost their ambition to curb climate change.
Japan also raised its target for cutting carbon emissions to 46% by 2030, from 2013 levels, with its prime minister saying he would instruct ministers to accelerate plans and the government would &#8220;continue trying for an even higher cut of 50%&#8221;.
Manish Bapna, CEO of the Washington-based World Resources Institute, said the new U.S. target could push other major emitters ahead of the COP26 U.N. climate summit in November to make their goals more ambitious.
But to &#8220;fully re-establish itself as a global leader&#8221; after a four-year absence under climate change sceptic Donald Trump, the United States should also provide a significant increase in financial support for developing countries, Bapna said.
&#8220;By ramping up its financial contributions, the United States can help unlock further global action to confront the climate crisis, which will deliver benefits at home and abroad,&#8221; he said in a statement.
Low levels of climate finance for poorer nations to develop cleanly and adapt to a warmer planet have long been a sticking point in U.N. climate negotiations, slowing down the transition to greener economies.
In December, Guterres warned wealthy governments were &#8220;lagging badly&#8221; on a longstanding pledge to channel $100 billion a year in funding from 2020 onwards to help developing nations from Africa to Asia and Latin America tackle climate change.
In his speech on Thursday, the U.N. chief said concrete proposals were needed before COP26 that ease access to finance and technological support for the most vulnerable countries.
&#8220;Developed states must deliver on public climate finance, including the long-promised $100 billion for climate action in developing countries, at the G7 Summit in June,&#8221; he added.
The United States is due to unveil a new climate finance plan by late April, with some elements expected to be announced at Biden&#8217;s summit on Thursday and Friday, but the event is unlikely to yield a big boost in global funding from donors.
In order to get all countries on board for a long-term goal of net-zero emissions by mid-century, a &#8220;breakthrough&#8221; was needed on finance and efforts to help communities adapt to the fast-accelerating impacts of global warming, Guterres said.
&#8220;This is critical for trust and collective action,&#8221; he emphasised. (Reporting by Megan Rowling @meganrowling; editing by Laurie Goering. Please credit the Thomson Reuters Foundation, the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters, that covers the lives of people around the world who struggle to live freely or fairly. Visit http://news.trust.org/climate)
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Finance boost crucial to get all on board for net-zero emissions, says UN chief

By Mahamat Ramadane
N&#8217;DJAMENA, April 22 (Reuters) &#8211; Chad&#8217;s new military leaders received backing from France on Thursday despite protestations from the political opposition and some army officers as rebels geared up to resume an offensive on the capital.
A military council led by General Mahamat Idriss Deby took over power after Deby&#8217;s father, Chad&#8217;s long-ruling leader Idriss Deby, was killed in battle with the Libya-based rebels on Monday.
Dignitaries from across the region were due to start arriving on Thursday for Deby&#8217;s funeral ceremony on Friday, after the rebels said they had ended a brief ceasefire at midnight and were about 200-300 km (125-190 miles) from the capital.
General Deby, 37, has said the army will hold democratic elections in 18 months, but opposition leaders have condemned his takeover as a coup d&#8217;etat and an army general said many officers were opposed to the transition plan.
France, Chad&#8217;s former colonial ruler, defended the military takeover on Thursday, saying it was necessary for security amid &#8220;exceptional circumstances&#8221;.
French Foreign Minister Jean-Yves Le Drian said the military was justified in its actions as the speaker of parliament had declined to take charge.
&#8220;Logically, it should be (speaker Haroun) Kabadi&#8230;but he refused because of the exceptional security reasons that were needed to ensure the stability of this country,&#8221; Le Drian told France 2 television.
Deby, although criticised by human rights groups for his repressive rule over three decades, was a lynchpin in France&#8217;s security strategy in Africa.
About 5,100 French troops are based across the region as part of international operations to fight Islamist militants and France has its main base in N&#8217;Djamena.

DIVIDED RANKS?
Dissent within the military has raised concerns about stability in Chad.
&#8220;Kaka (Mahamat Deby) only has partial support of the army. He is young and, unlike his father, has never been a rebel,&#8221; said Jerome Tubiana, an analyst specialising on Chad.
&#8220;Within the army, there&#8217;s indeed (at least) two groups.&#8221;
Deby, 68, was killed on Monday on the frontline against fighters of the Front for Change and Concord in Chad (FACT), a group formed by dissident army officers in 2016 which says it is pro-democracy.
The group warned foreign leaders invited to Deby&#8217;s funeral on Friday, which include French President Emmanuel Macron, not to attend for their security.
Ten African heads of state including Democratic Republic of Congo&#8217;s Felix Tshisekedi and Guinea&#8217;s Alpha Conde were due to arrive on Thursday for the funeral, the government said.
Despite the rebel threat, people went about their business as usual in N&#8217;Djamena on Thursday, with some saying they were frustrated and worried about the situation.
&#8220;We are tired of war. We have seen what is happpening in neighbouring countries like Libya, CAR, Nigeria and Niger. Every time we find peace to construct the country, a band of discontented people sets us back,&#8221; said Issa Mahamat Oumar, a resident of N&#8217;Djamena.
Even if FACT is not powerful enough to take on the new military council, the risk of instability is high, said a Western diplomat who spoke on condition of anonymity.
&#8220;This rebel group on its own may not be enough of a threat to bring down the government. But other groups might exploit this moment,&#8221; he said. &#8220;Young Deby will probably have to strike some deals to get enough people behind the transition.&#8221;
(Additional reporting by David Lewis in Nairobi and John Irish in Paris; Writing by Nellie Peyton; Editing by Angus MacSwan)
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