By <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/courtney-connley/">Courtney Connley</a> 



The #MeToo and Time’s Up movements have brought huge attention to the challenges women face at work, but a new survey finds that 60% of male managers say they’re uncomfortable mentoring, working one-on-one or socializing with a woman.



According to the survey, released by&nbsp;<a href="https://leanin.org/mentor-her?utm_campaign=mentorher&amp;amp;utm_medium=social&amp;amp;utm_source=twitter" class="">LeanIn.org</a>&nbsp;and SurveyMonkey, that’s a 33% increase from last year.



Senior-level men also say they are 12 times more likely to be hesitant about one-on-one meetings with a junior woman than they are a junior man, nine times more likely to be hesitant to travel with a junior woman for work than a junior man, and six times more likely to be hesitant to have a work dinner with a junior woman than a junior man.



LeanIn.org founder and Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg calls the results “totally unacceptable.”



She tells Julia Boorstin on&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/video/2019/05/17/facebook-sheryl-sandberg-metoo-women-in-workplace-women-leadership.html" class="">CNBC’s “Squawk on the Street”</a>&nbsp;that the problem with this dynamic is that “women already weren’t getting the same mentorship men were, particularly women of color.” And in her experience, she says, “no one has ever gotten a promotion without getting a one-on-one meeting.”



Though some have argued that the #MeToo and Time’s Up movements have had a negative impact on relationships between men and women at work, Sandberg disagrees. She says the movements have had an “overwhelmingly positive” impact on the workplace, especially in spotlighting the problem of sexual harassment against women.



“The thing is, it’s not enough,” she says. “It’s really important to not harass anyone, but that’s pretty basic. We also need to not be ignored.”



Rachel Thomas, president of LeanIn.org, tells&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/make-it/" class="">CNBC Make It</a>&nbsp;that “sexual harassment is a lot of things, and it’s a really complicated issue, but a big piece of it is power dynamics.”



“We need more women in positions of leadership, more people of color and more LGBTQ people,” she says. “We need to change what leadership looks like in our organizations because we know that will lead to more safer and stronger workplaces.”



Both she and Sandberg point out that sexual harassment is twice as likely to occur in organizations where men dominate the C-suite. That’s why, Thomas says, it’s imperative that men speak up and take action. “My suspicion is that a lot of good guys don’t realize that by not actively mentoring, sponsoring or creating full access, that they’re inadvertently part of the problem,” Thomas says.



As a solution, Thomas and Sandberg say any man who doesn’t want to have work dinners with a woman should also not have work dinners with a man. Instead, they should have group dinners so that everyone is included.



“That’s one way to create equal access,” says Thomas. “I don’t fully understand it, but for whatever reason if a man is also uncomfortable having a one-on-one meeting with a woman or working with a woman, then leave the door open.”



Regardless of how a man may feel about working with a woman, Thomas says there is “no excuse for not being a good manager, not being a good leader and not offering equal access to the mentorship and sponsorship that we know all employees need to succeed.”



Correction: This story was revised to correct a headline. The researchers found that 60% of male managers now say they’re uncomfortable participating in work activities with women.



This article first appeared on CNBC <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/17/60percent-of-male-managers-now-say-theyre-uncomfortable-mentoring-women.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/17/60percent-of-male-managers-now-say-theyre-uncomfortable-mentoring-women.html</a> and is republished with its permission.

Improperly appointed boards spell disaster for organisations

60% of male managers now say they’re uncomfortable participating in work activities with women

By <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/grant-cardone/">Grant Cardone</a>



It’s been more than 40 years since I graduated high school — and a lot has changed since then. I’m older, wiser, wealthier and much more successful.



I’ve built a&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/09/06/grant-cardone-10-tips-to-become-a-self-made-multimillionaire.html" class="">multimillion-dollar business</a>&nbsp;and am the CEO of seven privately held companies. But there’s always room for improvement — even at age 61. In order to do that, it’s important to acknowledge past failures and learn from them.



Looking back at my 20s, there was so much I didn’t know about <a class="" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/01/05/self-made-millionaire-grant-cardone-2-things-to-spend-on-in-2018.html">money</a>. With what little I earned, I wasted on useless things that didn’t benefit me at all. Here are the top four things I regret spending my time and money on:



1. Drugs and alcohol



If I could go back in time, I’d tell my younger self: “Your education doesn’t stop after college.”



After graduating high school, I became obsessed with all the wrong things. I spent money on drugs and alcohol — and even developed an addiction problem. I should have been spending that money on things that would help me develop new skills, gain knowledge and make powerful connections.



In the real world, your high school diploma is useless, and your college degree won’t get you very far if you don’t have the right skills to keep up with the marketplace. Investing in yourself will only make you more valuable and increase your earning potential.



I didn’t realize any of this until much later. At 25, I spent my last $3,000 on an audio program that taught me about sales and how to close deals. I can honestly say that the investment and commitment to go “all in” are the reasons for my success today.



2. Traveling



<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/29/shark-tanks-kevin-oleary-on-taking-a-gap-year-are-you-kidding.html" class="">Kevin O’Leary</a>&nbsp;says that taking a gap year to travel is a bad idea — and I couldn’t agree more. I took so much time off early in my entrepreneurial career that it almost derailed me. I was also spending money I didn’t have on airfare, hotels and food.



<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/01/18/self-made-millionaire-heres-how-millennials-can-catch-up-to-boomers.html" class="">A lot of millennials today</a>&nbsp;find themselves in a similar position. They have the urge to travel because they have no purpose at work. They believe time off will help them find that “something” that’s missing in their careers. When you don’t know what you should be doing, it’s easy to put life on hold, go backpacking, stay in hostels and eat ramen.



I’m not saying you can’t ever take any time off. I can travel the world in my own plane today because I ultimately decided to put in the hard work. Get obsessed with your purpose, and you’ll find that your travel plans can wait. <a class="" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2016/11/04/self-made-millionaire-dont-buy-a-home.html">Comfort is the enemy of abundance</a>. Don’t let an $800 ticket to Europe get in the way of your freedom.



 3. Sleeping in



When you’re young, it’s easy to be lazy and not feel guilty about it. But guess what? The rich and successful get a good night’s rest, but they don’t sleep in.



One of my biggest regrets was not taking advantage of all the hours in a day. I allowed myself to feel content when I should have been mapping out my goals and figuring out how to achieve them. Had I realized my full potential in my 20s, I would reached my first million a lot sooner.



Let everyone else in their 20s sleep like they’re rich. You should be up at the crack of dawn. Speed is power, and when you’re young, patience is not a virtue. Today’s marketplace is changing at the speed of light, so you need to be nimble to get ahead.



4. Being too comfortable in my jobs



I wasted half of my 20s working low-paying jobs that didn’t challenge me to grow and develop valuable skills. I’m not saying low-paying jobs are bad; sometimes you have to start a lower salary. But being content and without any drive won’t make you successful in life.



I used to&nbsp;<a href="https://grantcardonetv.com/one-of-the-first-jobs-i-ever-had-was-at-mcdonalds/" class="">work at McDonald’s</a>&nbsp;making $7 an hour. For me, it was simply a way to make money. But for the guy working next to me, it was a way to learn the business and one day open 100 franchises. The “why” is important. I didn’t know my “why,” so I was essentially wasting my time. My co-worker wasn’t.



You should constantly be asking yourself,&nbsp;How can I earn more money?&nbsp;It might mean asking for a raise, switching to a new job with a higher salary or taking on a side hustle. Be a money fanatic.



The acceptance of the idea that eight hours invested in your job is enough regardless of your financial position is a misunderstanding of epic proportions.



<a class="" href="https://grantcardone.com/">Grant Cardone</a> is the best-selling author of <a class="" href="https://www.amazon.com/10X-Rule-Difference-Between-Success/dp/0470627603">“The 10X Rule”</a> and CEO of seven privately held companies. He also travels the world consulting Fortune 500 companies, small business owners, startups and governments on business expansion. In 2017, he was included in Forbes’ list of 25 Marketing Influencers to Watch. Follow him on LinkedIn <a class="" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/grantcardone/">here</a>. 



This article first appeared on CNBC  <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/04/waking-up-super-early-wont-make-you-more-successful-but-science-says-these-5-things-will.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/04/waking-up-super-early-wont-make-you-more-successful-but-science-says-these-5-things-will.html</a> and is republished with its permission.

South Africa's Quantum Foods warns of 38% drop in first-half profit

South Africa’s Quantum Foods warns of 38% drop in first-half profit. budget_shutterstock_249974521

61-year-old self-made millionaire: 4 things I regret wasting money and time on in my 20s

By <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/gary-burnison/">Gary Burnison</a>



Years ago, I came across&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/why-4-a-m-is-the-most-productive-hour-1471971861" class="">an article</a>&nbsp;about why 4 a.m. is the most productive hour. According to psychologist Josh Davis, who was interviewed in the piece, it allows you to dodge distractions like email, text notifications and phone calls.



That’s not surprising. Who would even be awake at that obscene hour to bother you? A few people were courageous enough to give it a try, but the results were mostly negative.



It was “miserable,” one person&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2016/10/10/i-tried-waking-up-at-4-am-for-2-weeks-to-boost-my-productivity-and-it-was-miserable.html" class="">wrote</a>. Another&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/3067784/what-happened-when-i-forced-myself-to-wake-up-at-5-am-every-day-for-a-month" class="">said</a>&nbsp;they “fell asleep in their chair” that day. And my&nbsp;<a href="https://www.inc.com/chris-matyszczyk/i-tried-getting-up-at-4-am-to-be-more-successful-this-is-what-happened.html" class="">favorite</a>: “I felt like my head had an unhappy sheep inside it.”



No thanks. Not doing it, I thought to myself.





Let’s not kid ourselves



Fast forward to 2019, and the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CaLhhWim41s" class="">Internet</a>&nbsp;is still trying to convince me that waking up super early will make me more productive and successful.



In the modern world of entrepreneurship and high achievers, the cult of early risers only seems to be getting bigger. Ellevest co-founder Sallie Krawcheck and former Pepsi CEO Indra Nooyi&nbsp; both&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2016/08/29/why-tim-cook-sallie-krawcheck-and-other-successful-people-wake-up-at-4-am.html" class="">wake up at 4 a.m</a>. Apple CEO&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/04/steve-jobs-was-legendary-and-tim-cook-is-a-genius-says-author.html" class="">Tim Cook</a>&nbsp;is up a&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2016/08/29/why-tim-cook-sallie-krawcheck-and-other-successful-people-wake-up-at-4-am.html" class="">bit earlier</a>, at around 3:45 a.m.



I get the hype: Early risers have the benefit of more hours in the day. But waking up the same time as Cook won’t make you successful any more than wearing black turtlenecks like Steve Jobs will make you a disruptive genius.



What most people fail to realize is that waking up at 4 a.m. only works if you’re naturally an early riser. Keep in mind that this only applies to a very, very small population and, for the most part, is <a class="" href="https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/the-human-genetics-of-night-owls-and-early-birds-65414">dependent on genomes</a>.





It’s not about how early you get up



If 4 a.m. sounds shockingly early to you, then attempting to adjust your schedule doesn’t make sense because you’ll probably just end up losing sleep and, as a result, be&nbsp;less&nbsp;productive.



Science has made it clear that&nbsp;<a href="https://hbr.org/2006/10/sleep-deficit-the-performance-killer" class="">sleep deficiency</a>&nbsp;is one of the biggest productivity killers. Not getting enough sleep interferes with&nbsp;<a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/sleep-newzzz/201811/why-you-can-t-think-straight-when-you-re-sleep-deprived" class="">cognitive performance</a>, increases the risk of&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/sleep-deprivation-increases-alzheimers-protein" class="">Alzheimer’s disease</a>&nbsp;and can&nbsp;<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2017/sep/24/why-lack-of-sleep-health-worst-enemy-matthew-walker-why-we-sleep" class="">even shave years off</a>&nbsp;your life.



Instead, here are five ways to sleep for success:



1. Get at least eight and a half hours of sleep



Sleep scientist Daniel Gartenberg&nbsp;<a href="https://qz.com/1301123/why-eight-hours-a-night-isnt-enough-according-to-a-leading-sleep-scientist/" class="">suggests</a>&nbsp;getting eight and a half hours of sleep in order to maximize your productivity throughout the day.



So if you plan on setting your alarm clock to a few hours earlier, you’d need to be fast asleep by 7:30 p.m. Maybe that’s doable for you, but it’s unrealistic for any parent with a nine-to-five job. And even if you don’t have kids, you can kiss your social life goodbye.



Simply put, if you focus more on being well-rested, you’ll wake up with a clear brain and have a better advantage than the person who stayed at the office until 9 p.m., went to bed at 11 p.m. and woke up at 4 a.m.



2. Listen to your body



I was raised in Kansas where people follow the rhythms of an agricultural economy. It was normal to wake up with the sun (usually around 5:45 a.m.) and have “supper,” not “dinner,” at sunset.



My wake-up time still hasn’t changed much, and I rarely need an alarm clock. I spend the first two hours of my morning reading the news and contemplating my day.



That’s just what works for me. There is no one-size-fits-all. If you’re naturally a night owl, then do the math and adjust your sleep schedule accordingly.



3. Keep your hours consistent



Once you find a sleep schedule that works for you, commit to it. (That’s why testing out this whole “4 a.m. hour” is kind of ludicrous. If it ain’t broke, why fix it?)



A&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-03171-4" class="">2017 Harvard study</a>&nbsp;found that it doesn’t matter whether you sleep early and wake up early or vice versa. The most important thing is that you’re consistent about your schedule.



Researchers traced the sleeping habits of 61 students for about a month and correlated those habits with their academic performance. Students who had irregular hours ended up with worse grades compared to those who went to bed and woke up at the same time every day.



If your sleep schedule doesn’t align with your work hours, consider having a chat with your boss, as a&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/24/well/mind/work-schedule-hours-sleep-productivity-chronotype-night-owls.html" class="">growing number of businesses</a>&nbsp;are adjusting office hours to match their employees’ internal clocks.



4. Don’t press the snooze button



Hit it once, you’re catching up on lost sleep. Hit it twice, this isn’t going anywhere good — and it’s probably a hint that you have a job, not a career. Hit it three times, and it’s game over: You hate your job, you hate your boss and it’s time to get the heck out of there. Might as well go back to sleep!



“By dozing off for those extra minutes, we’re preparing our bodies for another sleep cycle, which is then quickly interrupted — causing us to feel fatigued for the rest of the day that lies ahead,” sleep expert Neil Robinson said in an interview with&nbsp;<a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/sleep-snooze-button-wake-morning-inertia-body-brain-experts-a8492376.html" class="">The Independent</a>.



Can you imagine any successful CEO pressing the snooze button several times before getting out of bed? Any high achiever will tell you that those 10 extra minutes aren’t worth it.



5. If you need to wake up super early, make sure you still get enough sleep



Back when I worked at an investment banking company, there were a few days when I&nbsp;did&nbsp;have to be in the office by 4:30 a.m. But I never sacrificed my sleep; I’d have lunch at 7:30 a.m., and when my co-workers were eating dinner, I was already fast asleep.



People who work for global companies often end up working odd hours. If that’s the case for you, it’s still important to prioritize those eight and a half hours of sleep.Put your health first, and success will come



The proven formula for success is simple: Put your health first. And if you need a billionaire endorsement, just remember that Warren Buffett, a man worth&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/profile/warren-buffett/#7ebb1dc84639" class="">$82 billion</a>, is in favor of getting a lot of sleep. “I will usually sleep eight hours a night,” he&nbsp;<a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/warren-buffett-says-gop-health-reform-bills-relief-rich" class="">told PBS</a>. “I have no desire to get to work at 4 in the morning.”



Gary Burnison is the CEO of <a class="" href="https://www.kornferry.com/">Korn Ferry</a>, a global consulting firm that helps companies select and hire the best talent. His latest book, a New York Times best-seller, <a class="" href="https://www.amazon.com/Lose-Resume-Land-Gary-Burnison/dp/1119475201">“Lose the Resume, Land the Job,”</a> shares the kind of straight talk that no one will tell you. Follow him on LinkedIn <a class="" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/gary-burnison-9144957a/">here</a>. 



This article first appeared on CNBC <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/04/waking-up-super-early-wont-make-you-more-successful-but-science-says-these-5-things-will.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/04/waking-up-super-early-wont-make-you-more-successful-but-science-says-these-5-things-will.html</a> and is republished with its permission.

Starting your morning at an obscenely early hour won’t make you more successful—but these 5 things will

NEW YORK (Reuters) &#8211; Ethiopia, Africa’s top coffee producer, is expected to export a record-high 4 million 60-kg bags of coffee in 2019/20, the U.S. Department of Agriculture attache in Addis Ababa said, as yields improve and the area dedicated to coffee farming increase.



Production of coffee is expected to rise to 7.35 million tonnes in 2019/20, an 1.4% increase from the 2018/19 season. Exports account for just over half of overall production, and are forecast to grow 0.5% in 2019/20 from the previous year to reach 4 million bags. Coffee is Ethiopia’s most important export.



Exporters in the country are facing increased regulation, the USDA said, with the government banning several exporters in recent months for defaulting on their contracts and hoarding beans.



While supplies are greater this year thanks to higher yields due to better rains and the reduced prevalence of disease, the USDA’s forecasted yield of 0.82 tonnes per hectare comes in well below the government’s target of 1.1 tonnes per hectare, the report noted.



And production continues to face the broader threat of farmers switching to other crops.



“One of the major challenges the Ethiopian coffee sector is facing is that many coffee producers, mostly from the eastern part of the country are tearing out the coffee bushes and replacing them with khat, a plant with stimulant properties,” the USDA said.



Meanwhile, domestic demand in Africa’s top coffee consumer is expected to remain robust, with the USDA expecting Ethiopian consumption to rise by 2.4% in 2019/20 compared to 2018/19.



To read the full report, click:&nbsp;<a href="https://bit.ly/2EWvzWP">bit.ly/2EWvzWP</a>



Reporting by Ayenat Mersie; editing by Diane Craft

The 2019/20 coffee exports in this East African country to rise to a record high

<figure class="wp-block-image"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.cnbcafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/AABLA.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-337822"/></figure>



JOHANNESBURG,
22 May 2019: Africa’s leading business
awards, the All Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA™) in Partnership with
CNBC Africa, make a return for a 9th year, with their commitment to
recognizing remarkable business leadership on the continent.



Organisations
and business leaders from across the continent, can now submit their nomination
via the AABLA™ website in one or more of the following categories:



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Young
 Business Leader of the Year</li><li>Business
 Woman of the Year</li><li>Industrialist
 of the Year</li><li>Innovator
 of the Year</li><li>Entrepreneur
 of the Year</li><li>Company
 of the Year</li><li>Business
 Leader of the Year</li><li>Philanthropist
 of the Year</li></ul>



The
2019 AABLA™ will see an additional category join an already distinguished
line-up of recognitions, namely ‘CFO of the Year’.



The categories
‘African of the Year’ and the celebrated ‘Lifetime Achievement Award’ will be
selected by the 2019 AABLA™ Judging Committee.



As so many who have gone before can attest, an AABLA recognition is truly the pinnacle of any business leaders career, as the award embodies accomplishment, triumph of the odds and a first among peers, characteristic of the marque.



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.cnbcafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/AABLA-2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-337825"/></figure>



“I’m
just delighted and I appreciate this award so much,” said an emotional Sol
Kerzner, recipient of the 2018 AABLA™ All Africa Lifetime Achievement Award at
the All Africa Grand Finale. “I am just so happy to be here today to receive
this award. It means just so much to me to receive this, right here in South
Africa, where it began for me,” he concluded.



The
full list of 2018 AABLA™ All Africa Winners include:



All
Africa Business Leader of the Year 



Peter
Mountford&nbsp; 



Super
Group, CEO



All
Africa Business Woman of the Year&nbsp; 



Nomkhita
Nqweni 



ABSA
Wealth, Investment Management and Insurance, CEO 



All
Africa Entrepreneur of the Year 



Thembalihle
Baloyi 



Discovery
Insure, Founder and Executive Director



All
Africa Industrialist of the Year 



Quinton
Uren Jendamark Automation, Managing Director



All
Africa Company of the Year 



Ethiopian
Airlines 



All
Africa Young Business Leader of the Year&nbsp; 



Dr.
Elikem Tamaklo 



Nyaho
Medical Centre, Managing Director



All
Africa Innovator of the Year 



James
Paterson &amp; Benjamin Meltzer



Aerobotics,
Co-Founders



All
Africa Philanthropist of the Year&nbsp; 



Sir
Donald Gordon&nbsp; 



Donald
Gordon Foundation, Founder



All
Africa Lifetime Achievement Award 



Solomon
Kerzner 



All
Africa African of the Year



His
Excellency Paul Kagame 



President
of the Republic of Rwanda



The
2019 AABLA™ Grand Finale on December 5 will embody true luxury and epicurean
pleasure for those wanting to indulge in an extravagant gala dinner, whilst
networking with some of Africa’s most notable business pioneers, celebrities
and public sector leaders.



Nominations
will close on 15 July 2019 at midnight. For more information and to submit a
nomination, visit <a href="http://www.aablawards.com/">www.aablawards.com</a>
and follow the 9th All Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA™) in
Partnership with CNBC Africa on Social Media: @aablawards and #AABLA2019. 



Tables
to the main event are available to acquire, with prices starting from R50’000
for seating of 10 guests. Booking details available at&nbsp;<a href="http://www.aablawards.com/">www.aablawards.com</a>



The
AABLA™ are proudly produced and managed by ABN Event Productions.

#AABLA2019: Nominations open for the 2019 All Africa Business Leaders Awards

By <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/kathleen-elkins/">Kathleen Elkins</a> 



Pop star Rihanna was first discovered as a teen, when American record producer Evan Rogers was visiting her home country of Barbados. After hearing her sing, Rogers helped her record a demo, which eventually made its way to Jay-Z.



Rihanna, whose full name is Robyn Rihanna Fenty, flew to New York to audition in front of Jay-Z. “She was fierce, like Kobe Bryant,”&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/rihanna-queen-of-pain-117943/" class="">he recalls in an interview with Rolling Stone</a>. “I knew she was a star.”



The 31-year-old music icon has won nine Grammy awards so far. Her makeup line, Fenty Beauty, generated a&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/company/fenty-beauty" class="">reported $72 million</a>&nbsp;in sales in just its first full month in 2017 and&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2019/05/10/business/10reuters-lvmh-rihanna.html" class="">nearly $562 million in sales</a>&nbsp;by the end of 2018. She’s launching a luxury fashion label, also called Fenty, in May 2019.



Though she has&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/natalierobehmed/2018/07/16/rihannas-net-worth-210-million-in-2018/#a3fcb274548c" class="">made millions of dollars,&nbsp;</a>Rihanna doesn’t plan on slowing down. “I never thought I’d make this much money, so a number is not going to stop me from working,” she tells&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/05/20/t-magazine/rihanna-fenty-louis-vuitton.html" class="">T: The New York Times Style Magazine</a>.



Now “I’m working out of what I love to do, what I’m passionate about,” she says.



Lady Gaga has a similar mindset. Pursuing a career as a pop star has never been about the money,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ft.com/content/0cca76f0-873a-11e0-b983-00144feabdc0" class="">she told the Financial Times in 2011</a>: “The beauty for me about being an artist is that the dream will never die, because I’m not obsessed with material things and don’t care about the money &#8230; but only the love of my fans, so for me it’s about how much more devoted, how much better an artist can I become.”



In short, she said, “it’s honestly true that money means nothing to me.”



Money may not be driving her career, or Lady Gaga’s, but profit is still “happening along the way,” Rihanna tells T Magazine. And it has opened up opportunities: “The money means that I can take care of my family. The money means that I can facilitate the businesses that I want to.”



It also means that “I can create jobs for other people. My money is not for me; it’s always the thought that I can help someone else,” says Rihanna. She founded the&nbsp;<a href="https://claralionelfoundation.org/" class="">Clara Lionel Foundation</a>&nbsp;in 2012 to help improve the quality of education and health care for children in impoverished communities.



“The world can really make you believe that the wrong things are priority, and it makes you really miss the core of life, what it means to be alive,” she continues. “It could literally be walking outside in the sun. That makes me happy.”



This article first appeared on CNBC <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/22/rihanna-i-never-thought-id-make-this-much-money.html?&amp;qsearchterm=rihanna">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/22/rihanna-i-never-thought-id-make-this-much-money.html?&amp;qsearchterm=rihanna</a> and is republished with its permission.

Rihanna: ‘I never thought I’d make this much money’—here’s what it means to her

HARARE (Reuters) &#8211; Zimbabwe and the European Union began political talks on Wednesday aimed at turning the page on hostile relations during Robert Mugabe’s rule, a step that could enable a resumption of direct financial aid for the ailing economy.



During Mugabe’s four-decade rule until 2017, he would routinely blame European “colonialists” for Zimbabwe’s problems, and snarled at EU and U.S. sanctions for rights and vote abuses.



The EU has only kept sanctions on Mugabe, his wife and the state arms manufacturer, but is yet to resume direct funding to the new government of President Emmerson Mnangagwa, preferring to channel money through local charities and U.N. agencies.



With the economy afflicted by dollar shortages, fuel queues, power-cuts, and soaring prices, Mnangagwa has said restoring ties with the West and multilateral lenders like International Monetary Fund is one of his major priorities.



At the start of the open-ended talks between diplomats and officials in Harare, EU Zimbabwe delegation head Timo Olkkonen said they would discuss issues including economic development, trade, investment, rights, rule of law and good governance.



The government has already signed up to an IMF monitoring programme where it has committed to political and economic reforms in a bid to set a track record of fiscal discipline that could earn it debt forgiveness and future financing.



At a separate event in a Harare hotel, Mnangagwa signed a new bill creating a tripartite negotiating forum intended to bring labour, business and government together to shape policy.



The 76-year-old leader is under pressure to deliver on pre-election promises and wants to avert a repeat of violent protests over a steep fuel price hike in January.



Later on Wednesday, the government is expected to start wage negotiations with public sector unions, who say a pay rise of up to 29% they received in April had already been eroded by inflation, now at a 10-year high of 75.86 %.



Mnangagwa has promised to break with his predecessor and says his “open for business” mantra will woo foreign investors. But critics say under his rule the economy shows no signs of improving while security forces have continued to crush dissent.



Reporting by MacDonald Dzirutwe; Editing by Andrew Cawthorne

What you need to know about Zimbabwe and EU’s political talks to ease tensions created in Mugabe-era

By <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/alicia-adamczyk/">Alicia Adamczyk</a> 



Pour one out for your high school mix tapes: <a class="" href="https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2019/06/apple-previews-macos-catalina/">Apple announced Monday</a> at its annual <a class="" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/03/apple-mac-pro-look.html">Worldwide Developers Conference</a> (WWDC) that it’s shutting down iTunes, its 18-year-old digital media software. In its place, Mac users will have three individual, dedicated apps for music, podcasts and TV, similar to the current iPhone setup.



The transition will take place when the macOS Catalina, the latest version of Apple’s Mac operating system, debuts in the fall. While the news initially alarmed users, you can rest easy: Apple confirmed to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/make-it/" class="">CNBC Make It</a>&nbsp;that your iTunes content isn’t going to just disappear into the digital ether.



“Users will have access to their entire music library, whether they downloaded the songs, purchased them or ripped them from a CD,” reads a&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2019/06/apple-previews-macos-catalina/" class="">press release</a>.



The company confirmed that when Mac users update their software, music currently in your library will transfer to the Apple Music app and TV and movie purchases will migrate to the Apple TV app. Mac users will be able to access the iTunes Music Store within the Music app, and buy movies and TV shows in the TV app. Windows users will see no change in their iTunes experience, and&nbsp;iTunes Store gift cards are still valid.How to ‘own’ your digital files



While the company promises that users won’t lose content, it’s a good reminder that digital files can come with quirky ownership rules.



When you lawfully buy a physical CD, DVD or book, for example, the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#109" class="">Copyright Act</a>&nbsp;allows you to sell, lend or give away your copy, because you own it. But that’s not the case for digital copies, as&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apple.com/legal/internet-services/itunes/us/terms.html" class="">Apple’s terms and conditions</a>&nbsp;explicitly states.



So if you buy a movie via the iTunes store or to stream on Amazon, for example, you’re essentially buying a license to watch the film as long as it remains on the platform — you’re not buying ownership of the file itself.



As for music, as Apple states, you “may burn an audio playlist of purchased music to disc for listening purposes up to seven times &#8230; Other Content may not be burned to disc.”



In order to keep your digital files forever, you can download them onto an <a class="" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/04/technology/personaltech/moving-your-music-out-of-itunes.html">external hard drive or upload them to a cloud service</a>.Of course, you could always go the old-fashioned route and buy physical copies of your favorite books, albums, movies and TV shows.



This article first appeared on CNBC  <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/04/apple-is-shutting-down-itunesheres-what-will-happen-to-your-music.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/04/apple-is-shutting-down-itunesheres-what-will-happen-to-your-music.html</a> and is republished with its permission.

Apple is shutting down iTunes—here’s what will happen to your music

KEY POINTS
<ul>
<li>Naspers, a South African consumer internet company, owns a 31% stake valued at roughly $126 billion in Chinese tech giant Tencent.</li>
<li>In an interview at the Money20/20 Europe conference on Monday, Naspers CEO Bob van Dijk said China’s tech scene has been a “bloodbath” in recent months.</li>
<li>Van Dijk blamed trade tensions between the U.S. and China but said he’s not worried about Tencent.</li>
</ul>
<div class="Author-authorNameAndSocial"><a class="Author-authorName" tabindex="" title="" role="" href="https://www.cnbc.com/elizabeth-schulze/" target="" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-type="" aria-label="">Elizabeth Schulze</a> 
<a class="Author-authorTwitter" tabindex="" title="" role="" href="https://twitter.com/eschulze9" target="" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-type="" aria-label="">@ESCHULZE9</a></div>
Chinese tech stocks have been in a ‘bloodbath’ but the future is bright: Naspers CEO 
Tencent’s biggest shareholder is bullish on Chinese tech stocks despite the trade war between the U.S. and China. 
<iframe loading="lazy" width="560" height="349" src="https://player.cnbc.com/p/gZWlPC/cnbc_global?playertype=synd&amp;byGuid=7000082606" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" allowfullscreen="" webkitallowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" oallowfullscreen="" msallowfullscreen=""></iframe> 
Naspers, a South African consumer internet company, owns a 31% stake in Chinese tech giant Tencent. In an interview at the Money20/20 Europe conference on Monday, Naspers CEO Bob van Dijk said tech stocks in China, including Tencent, have fallen victim to the trade war between the world’s two biggest economies.
But, he added, the fundamentals of China’s economy remain “very, very strong.”
“The China tech stock scene has been a bloodbath in the last few months,” he said. “I think it has everything to do with trade tensions and that affects everybody. It’s not good, it’s not good for anybody, but in the end if you take a 10-year view, which is what we typically do, the market is there, the innovation is there, so I think the long-term future is bright.”
The KraneShares CSI China Internet exchange-traded fund, which tracks Chinese tech stocks including Baidu, Tencent and Alibaba, has tumbled 14% in the past three months as the U.S and China have ratcheted up tariffs on each others’ goods. Technology has emerged as a heated battleground in the trade conflict as both countries seek to dominate new areas like 5G and artificial intelligence.
Shares of Tencent have fared better this year than in 2018 after Chinese regulators restarted approving video games, a key source of the company’s revenue. In addition to gaming and messaging, Tencent is also growing its payments and cloud services.
Naspers’ van Dijk said he expects tech companies will continue to be targeted in the trade war but added he was “not so worried about Tencent” thanks to its domestic business model.
Naspers made a $32 million investment in Tencent in 2001, betting on what was then a little-known company. That stake is now worth roughly $126 billion as of Tencent’s market close Monday.
“It’s been probably the best investment ever done by a company so we’re quite lucky to be associated with them, but if I look forward, the best is yet to come,” van Dijk said.

Chinese tech stocks have been in a ‘bloodbath’ but the future is bright: Naspers CEO

By <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/courtney-connley/">Courtney Connley</a>



Shawn “Jay-Z” Carter can officially add “billionaire” to his growing list of titles.



According to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2019/06/03/jay-z-billionaire-worth/#78a8b84e3a5f" class="">Forbes</a>, the Brooklyn-born artist-turned-entrepreneur’s business empire is now worth $1 billion, making him “one of only a handful of entertainers to become a billionaire — and the first hip-hop artist to do so.”



Together, he and his wife Beyoncé — who has an estimated net worth of&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/self-made-women/list/2/#tab:overall" class="">$355 million</a>&nbsp;— became a&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2017/05/17/beyonce-and-jay-z-are-officially-a-billion-dollar-couple/#6e84f639478e" class="">billion-dollar couple</a>&nbsp;in 2017. The short list of other&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/natalierobehmed/2018/12/18/americas-wealthiest-celebrities-2018-george-lucas-leads-with-5-4-billion-net-worth/#77d61c421d8e" class="">billionaires in the entertainment</a>&nbsp;industry includes “Star Wars” creator George Lucas, filmmaker Steven Spielberg, Oprah Winfrey and basketball legend Michael Jordan.



In 1996, Jay-Z became a household name when he released his debut album, “Reasonable Doubt,” on his independent label, Roc-A-Fella Records. Since then, the 49-year-old — who has rapped about his unconventional rise from Brooklyn street corners to corporate boardrooms — has continued to expand his portfolio to include smart investments inside and outside of music.



In 1999, he launched clothing line Rocawear, which sold for a reported&nbsp;<a href="https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2007/03/06/jay-z-cashes-in-with-200-million-rocawear-deal/" class="">$204 million</a>&nbsp;in 2007 to apparel company Iconix. A year later, Jay-Z launched entertainment company Roc Nation, which is now worth an estimated $75 million. In 2015, he submitted a bid to purchase the parent company of Scandinavian streaming service Tidal for a little less than $60 million. The service, which he relaunched later that year, is now worth $100 million, according to Forbes.



On his 13th studio album “4:44,”&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/06/30/3-money-lessons-from-jay-zs-444.html" class="">Carter detailed</a>&nbsp;some of his investments, including artwork that he purchased years ago for $1 million. Today, Forbes estimates that his art collection is worth roughly $70 million.



Aside from investments in art and music, the hip-hop mogul has also expanded his empire to include investments in Uber, real estate and liquor. Forbes reports that his stake in Uber is worth an estimated $70 million, his real estate investments are worth an estimated $50 million and his cognac, D’Ussé, sells almost 200,000 cases annually and is worth $100 million. His investment in the champagne company Armand de Brignac is worth an estimated $310 million.



Warren Buffett, who appeared on the cover of Forbes with Jay-Z in&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2010/1011/rich-list-10-omaha-warren-buffett-jay-z-steve-forbes-summit-interview.html#781c47036480" class="">2010</a>, said that Carter was “teaching in a lot bigger classroom than I’ll ever teach in,” and explained that “for a young person growing up, [Jay-Z] is the guy to learn from.”



“Jay-Z’s journey is the modern-day embodiment of the American dream,” Zack O’Malley Greenburg, Forbes editor and author of ”<a class="" href="https://www.amazon.com/Empire-State-Mind-Street-Corner/dp/B004S8NFW0/ref=sr_1_3?keywords=jay-z&amp;qid=1559320482&amp;s=books&amp;sr=1-3">Empire State of Mind: How Jay-Z Went from Street Corner to Corner Office</a>, ” tells <a class="" href="https://www.vibe.com/2019/06/jay-z-officially-named-hip-hop-first-billionaire?utm_source=t.co&amp;utm_medium=referral">Vibe</a>. “His ascent offers an invaluable blueprint and inspiration to the next generation of entrepreneurs.”



This article first appeared on CNBC <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/03/forbes-jay-z-is-now-hip-hops-first-billionaire.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/03/forbes-jay-z-is-now-hip-hops-first-billionaire.html</a> and is republished with its permission.

Jay-Z is now hip-hop’s first billionaire, here’s how he created his fortune

By <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/kathleen-elkins/">Kathleen Elkins</a> 



Investing is one of the most effective ways&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/12/19/early-retiree-chris-reining-quit-saving-your-money-and-put-it-to-work.html" class="">to build wealth</a>. Some experts even say that&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/02/26/ramit-sethi-saving-isnt-the-key-to-building-wealth.html" class="">the only way to “truly grow” your money</a>&nbsp;is to put it to work.



If you have an extra $500 to $1,000 and are ready to dip your toe into the markets, “you should put your money in just one thing: the S&amp;P 500,” certified financial planner&nbsp;<a href="https://creativeplanning.com/peter-mallouk/" class="">Peter Mallouk</a>&nbsp;tells&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/make-it/" class="">CNBC Make It</a>.



The S&amp;P 500 index fund holds 500 of the largest companies in the U.S., from Google to Disney to ExxonMobil. It allows you to take advantage of the success of major corporations without the risks associated with buying individual stocks.



“It’s the lowest cost investment that exists,” says Mallouk, who is the president of wealth management firm Creative Planning. “You can buy it at a discount custodian, like a TD Ameritrade, Fidelity or Charles Schwab, where the trading fees are exceptionally low. And with those 500 stocks, you now own about 80% of the market capitalization of the entire United States.” In other words, an S&amp;P 500 fund covers about 80% of the U.S. stock market, so it’s an easy and affordable way for investors to capture core U.S. stock market performance.



Plus, “you have global exposure,” Mallouk says, “because these companies get a lot of their earnings overseas: McDonald’s has shops in China, and Walmart has locations in Europe. So you wind up with a low cost, diversified portfolio that’s invested in the global economy.”



Chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway Warren Buffett agrees with Mallouk’s recommendation.



“It has been a tough time to beat the S&amp;P,”&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/25/buffett-says-investors-would-be-served-equally-well-by-sp-or-berkshire.html" class="">he told CNBC earlier this year</a>, adding: “I think it’s the best investment — because most people don’t know how to pick stocks. And, most of the time I don’t know how to pick stocks.”



<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/11/09/mark-cuban-index-funds-are-the-best-way-to-invest-your-money.html" class="">Mark Cuban also champions index funds</a>: In a 2017 interview with Hayman Capital Management founder Kyle Bass, the business titan&nbsp;<a href="https://www.marketwatch.com/story/mark-cuban-tells-kyle-bass-ai-will-change-everything-weighs-in-on-bitcoin-2017-11-04" class="">said</a>that if you don’t know much about markets, the best way to invest your money is to put it in a cheap S&amp;P 500 fund.



At the end of the day, an extra $1,000, if managed correctly, can go a long way, Mallouk says: “If you put $1,000 in the S&amp;P a little over 10 years ago, today, you’d have more than $3,000. Even if we go back before the 2008 crisis — if we go back 11 years — still, you’d have more than tripled your money.”



This article first appeared on CNBC  <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/03/wealth-manager-invest-your-money-in-the-sp-500.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/03/wealth-manager-invest-your-money-in-the-sp-500.html</a> and is republished with its permission.

The smartest way to invest your first $1,000, according to a wealth manager

By <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/janos-besenyo-737388">János Besenyő</a>, <a href="http://theconversation.com/institutions/obuda-university-4010">Óbuda University </a>

Russia has never had an African colony. It stayed out of the scramble for Africa, only engaging with African states in the <a href="http://risingpowersproject.com/quarterly/russias-renewed-interests-in-the-horn-of-africa-as-a-traditional-and-rising-power/">19th Century</a>. In 1869, for instance, the Russians gave Ethiopia military support to threaten the position of the British in their quest to control the Suez Canal. They did this because Britain was one of their main European rivals.

It wasn’t until the <a href="https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7881&amp;context=nwc-review">Cold War</a> started in 1947 that Russia began to <a href="http://www.acarindex.com/dosyalar/makale/acarindex-1423873158.pdf">develop diplomatic relations</a> with several African countries. This was a way to counter the influence of its rivals such as the US. 

The Cold War dictated the former USSR’s relations with many African countries for decades. This was followed by a period of relative inactivity. But more recently, relations have become increasingly important for Russia as well as some African countries. 

The result is that some African countries no longer need to choose between the American and the Chinese way of development.

Ostensibly, China has the most pragmatic engagement with Africa. Its policy is <a href="https://academicjournals.org/journal/AJPSIR/article-full-text-pdf/335D4CC65846">not to interfere</a> with the internal workings of nation states or play geopolitics by pitting countries against each other. But it has become increasingly difficult for the country to resist using its military power to <a href="https://www.policyforum.net/chinas-non-interference-dilemma/">protect its economic interests</a>. 

For its part, the US’s ultimate aim is to <a href="https://www.lawfareblog.com/havent-we-done-lessons-and-recommendations-strategic-competition-sub-saharan-africa">tip the regional balance of power</a> in its favour while also gaining access to Africa’s resources. 

My <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09546553.2018.1555976">research</a> explores Russia’s current relationship with the continent. The research examines Russian President Vladimir Putin’s strategy to redress the global balance of power by countering America’s influence in Africa and trying to match China’s large economic footprint on the continent. 

I conclude that Russia’s primary goal is political influence. This is achieved by gaining control of natural resources and providing military support and intelligence. Yet, despite making massive inroads, the Russian Federation is still less influential than the US and China on the continent. 

From the African point of view, Russia offers a strategic alternative to America’s global hegemony, China’s economic diplomacy, and the lingering influence of Africa’s former colonial masters. 

<h2>The history</h2>

During the Cold War the Russians provided diplomatic, economic, military, and educational support for <a href="https://espionagehistoryarchive.com/2015/08/28/the-kgb-in-africa/">numerous African liberation movements</a>. These included Algeria, Angola, Cape Verde, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Madagascar, Sao Tome &amp; Principe, and Tanzania. As a result many young Africans were <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2018/sep/11/russias-scramble-for-influence-in-africa-catches-western-officials-off-guard">educated in Moscow</a>.

Russia began to trade and interact with these states routinely. It sent in <a href="https://csis-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/legacy_files/files/publication/anotes_0992.pdf">military intelligence officers</a> to establish a strong presence and ensure that Africa was not purely influenced by the West. The Russians developed relations with Africa so intensely that for the 10 years between 1950 and 1960 it <a href="https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9780203387740/chapters/10.4324/9780203387740-26">surpassed the influence</a> of colonising powers. 

That influence would remain more or less intact until the <a href="https://www.history.com/topics/russia/boris-yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin era</a>. Between 1990 and 1999 Russia’s impact on the continent was spectacularly lowered. Nine embassies and three consulates were closed. The number of personnel subordinated to the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs was drastically reduced. Russian cultural institutions were closed, and economic relations were unilaterally terminated. Previously generous aid programmes were scrapped.

This all changed when Putin came to power in 1999. Under his leadership Russia has started to <a href="https://qz.com/africa/1546037/russia-is-expanding-its-strategic-influence-in-africa/">regain its economic and political clout</a> in Africa. Putin <a href="https://www.up.ac.za/media/shared/85/Strategic%20Review/Vol%2037%20(2)/olivier-suchkov-pp146-167.zp74611.pdf">has jumpstarted</a> Russia’s diplomatic, economic, and military ties with its former African allies.

<h2>Russian interests in Africa</h2>

From my research I can conclude that Russia’s primary intent is to <a href="https://saiia.org.za/research/russias-africa-policy/">build political alliances</a> by supporting nation states economically and militarily while remaining non-judgemental about their internal governance structures. 

Its long-term goal is to become a political, economic and military mediator that can stand behind Africa’s global interests and count on the continent’s support in return. Here are some of the areas where Russia are mainly active:

Economic interests: Russia is now seeking to exploit conventional gas and oil fields in Africa and elsewhere. Part of its <a href="http://www.energystrategy.ru/projects/docs/ES-2030_(Eng).pdf">long term energy strategy</a> is to use Russian companies to create new streams of energy supply. For example, <a href="http://www.atlanticcouncil.org/publications/articles/russia-s-return-to-africa">Russian companies</a> have made significant investments in Algeria’s oil and gas industries. They have <a href="http://www.lukoil.be/pdf/Lukoil_AR_2013_eng.pdf">also invested</a> in Libya, Nigeria, Ghana, Ivory Coast and Egypt.

Russia is also expanding its African interests in <a href="https://www.ispionline.it/sites/default/files/pubblicazioni/analysis_168_2013.pdf">minerals</a>. <a href="https://www.caseyresearch.com/articles/how-putin-conquered-south-africa-2/">Uranium</a> – which is key to the nuclear power industry – is at the top of its list. 

In addition, Russian companies are producing <a href="https://www.up.ac.za/media/shared/85/Strategic%20Review/Vol%2037%20(2)/olivier-suchkov-pp146-167.zp74611.pdf">aluminium in Nigeria</a>, and have <a href="https://www.ispionline.it/sites/default/files/pubblicazioni/analysis_168_2013.pdf">constructed hydropower stations</a> in Angola, Namibia, Botswana. 

Russia is also on track to build nuclear plants in <a href="http://www.nti.org/media/pdfs/egypt_nuclear_1.pdf?_=1316474849">Egypt</a>, <a href="http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/nigeria-signs-pactrussias-rosatom-build-4-nuclear-power-plants-1496292">Nigeria</a> and <a href="https://nbn.media/russia-steps-in-algeria-nuclear-program/">Algeria</a>. These investments are a means to becoming an integral part of Africa’s energy sector.

Russia has also improved its <a href="https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/publications/articles/russia-s-return-to-africa">commercial relations</a> with its African partners. In 2009, it established the Coordinating Committee for Economic Cooperation with sub-Saharan Africa to assist in <a href="http://www.afrocom.ru/en">promoting Russian business interests</a>. 

Defence interests: Russia has traditionally been one of Africa’s main arms suppliers. During the Cold War many armed liberation organisations and African countries – among them Angola, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Zambia and Guinea –<a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14682740600795469?journalCode=fcwh20">bought military equipment</a> from Russia. More recently Russia has made significant arms deals with <a href="https://csis-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/legacy_files/files/publication/anotes_0992.pdf">Angola</a> and <a href="https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20180720-algeria-has-bought-half-of-the-russian-weapons-sold-in-africa/">Algeria</a>. <a href="https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2019/03/18/russia-secures-2bln-fighter-jet-contract-with-egypt-reports-a64842">Egypt</a>, <a href="https://www.jewishpolicycenter.org/2013/12/31/russia-africa/">Tanzania</a>, <a href="https://www.pri.org/stories/2018-10-17/russia-expands-its-military-and-business-ties-africa">Somalia, Mali, Sudan and Libya</a> have also bought arms from Russia. The Russians also provide military training and support.

Aid: Under Putin Russia has made <a href="http://arts.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/17380/1/MA_1661485_PA_Bannink.pdf">sizeable aid donations</a> to a variety of African countries averaging about $400 million per year. Around 60% of Russian aid is delivered through international organisations; <a href="https://www-cdn.oxfam.org/s3fs-public/file_attachments/dp-russia-humanitarian-donor-150713-en_0.pdf">global humanitarian organisations</a> like the World Food Programme and the UN refugee agency. The remaining 40% gets to Africa in a framework of bilateral cooperation. It also makes donations <a href="https://www.hsfk.de/fileadmin/HSFK/hsfk_downloads/prif123.pdf">to support</a> education, health care, agriculture, environment and energy.

The danger for Moscow is that, the more progress it makes with African governments, the more likely it is that its interests will collide with those of either China or the US – or both.<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/117764/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important" />

<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/janos-besenyo-737388">János Besenyő</a>, Associate Professor, <a href="http://theconversation.com/institutions/obuda-university-4010">Óbuda University </a>

This article is republished from <a href="http://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/russia-in-africa-can-it-offer-an-alternative-to-the-us-and-china-117764">original article</a>.

With Russia expanding its interests in Africa, can it serve as an alternative to the US and China?

<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/cat-clifford/"> By Catherine Clifford </a><a href="https://twitter.com/CatClifford">@CATCLIFFORD</a>



<a class="" href="https://www.cnbc.com/elon-musk/">Elon Musk</a> is running electric vehicle company <a class="" href="https://www.cnbc.com/quotes/?symbol=TSLA">Tesla</a>, aerospace company SpaceX and tunneling venture The Boring Company.



He’s even been&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/13/elon-musk-talks-to-gayle-king-about-meeting-tesla-goals.html" class="">sleeping at the Tesla factory</a>&nbsp;to ensure ramped up production of his Model 3 electric car.



As it turns out, Musk has some ruthless productivity tricks, and he shared them&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/17/elon-musk-internal-email-6000-model-3s-per-week-by-june.html" class="">in a letter to Tesla employees</a>&nbsp;on Tuesday.



Here are Musk’s six tips:



1. Nix big meetings



“Excessive meetings are the blight of big companies and almost always get worse over time. Please get [out] of all large meetings, unless you’re certain they are providing value to the whole audience, in which case keep them very short.”



2. Ditch frequent meetings too



“Also get rid of frequent meetings, unless you are dealing with an extremely urgent matter. Meeting frequency should drop rapidly once the urgent matter is resolved.”



3. Leave a meeting if you’re not contributing



“Walk out of a meeting or drop off a call as soon as it is obvious you aren’t adding value. It is not rude to leave, it is rude to make someone stay and waste their time.”



4. Drop jargon



“Don’t use acronyms or nonsense words for objects, software or processes at Tesla. In general, anything that requires an explanation inhibits communication. We don’t want people to have to memorize a glossary just to function at Tesla.”



5. Communicate directly, irrespective of hierarchy



“Communication should travel via the shortest path necessary to get the job done, not through the ‘chain of command’. Any manager who attempts to enforce chain of command communication will soon find themselves working elsewhere. “A major source of issues is poor communication between depts. The way to solve this is allow free flow of information between all levels. If, in order to get something done between depts, an individual contributor has to talk to their manager, who talks to a director, who talks to a VP, who talks to another VP, who talks to a director, who talks to a manager, who talks to someone doing the actual work, then super dumb things will happen. It must be ok for people to talk directly and just make the right thing happen.”



6. Follow logic, not rules



“In general, always pick common sense as your guide. If following a ‘company rule’ is obviously ridiculous in a particular situation, such that it would make for a great Dilbert cartoon, then the rule should change.”



The email, obtained by <a class="" href="https://electrek.co/2018/04/17/tesla-model-3-production-goal-6000-units-per-week/#disqus_thread">electric vehicle website Electrek</a> and <a class="" href="https://jalopnik.com/tesla-switching-to-24-7-shifts-to-push-for-6-000-model-1825335216">car news and opinion site Jalopnik</a>, also explained to employees that Tesla would be halting production for several days to upgrade equipment with the goal of <a class="" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/17/elon-musk-internal-email-6000-model-3s-per-week-by-june.html">producing 6,000 Model 3 cars per week by the end of June</a>. Its authenticity was <a class="" href="https://www.cnbc.com/id/105138447">confirmed by CNBC</a>.



This article first appeared on CNBC <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/18/elon-musks-productivity-rules-according-to-tesla-email.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/18/elon-musks-productivity-rules-according-to-tesla-email.html</a><a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/18/elon-musks-productivity-rules-according-to-tesla-email.html"> and is republished with its permission</a>

African born-billionaire Elon Musk’s 6 productivity rules, including walk out of meetings that waste your time

<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/quotes/?symbol=GOOGL" class="">Google</a>&nbsp;has severed business ties with Huawei, in a stunning move that could threaten the smartphone maker’s&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/20/google-stops-some-business-with-huawei-could-hit-its-global-smartphone-ambitions.html" class="">global ambitions</a>.



The U.S. tech giant has decided to stop licensing its Android operating system to the Chinese telecommunications firm, in order to comply with a U.S. trade blacklist.



It can however continue to use an open-source version of Android, but won’t be able to integrate key Google services like the Play app store.



CNBC runs through what that means if you own a Huawei phone right now, or are looking to buy one in the future.Longer term impact?



Reuters reported Sunday that Huawei will now lose access to Android updates. That’s pretty significant considering all Huawei phones operate on Android. The operating system powers more than 80% of the world’s smartphones.



Huawei’s new phones will also reportedly lose access to proprietary apps like the Google Play app store, Gmail and YouTube.



But Google said people with existing Huawei devices will still be able to use Google apps and download updates for them.



However the problem could be longer term. Peter Richardson, a research director of tech strategies at Counterpoint Research, told CNBC via email that Huawei will not have access to the new version of Android, code-named Q, that will be launched later in the year.



“The revocation of its Android license will mean that it won’t be able to provide core Google services to its smartphones,” Richardson said.No impact in China



Huawei said in a statement that it will “continue to provide security updates” to all of its existing phones. Meanwhile, there’s also talk of Huawei&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/03/15/huawei-has-built-its-own-operating-system-for-smartphones-laptops.html" class="">developing its own operating system</a>&nbsp;for smartphones and computers.



Experts predict the impact will likely be limited in the short term. The consensus view is that anyone with a Huawei and Honor handset should be safe for now.



“The current devices will continue to support Google services and Google updates,” Francisco Jeronimo, associate vice president for European devices at IDC, told CNBC by telephone. “I think it’s more of a long-term impact than very short term.”



In China, the story is a little different. Consumers there have access to a more limited version of the operating system, which doesn’t come pre-installed with Google services that are blocked there.



“For Chinese consumers, definitely there’s no impact,” Jeronimo says.



International shipments accounted for almost half of Huawei’s overall smartphone sales in the first quarter, according to Canalys data.‘Bad news for Huawei’



For the most part, IDC’s Jeronimo thinks the U.S. and China will reach a trade deal, and Google will be able to resume its licensing arrangement with Huawei. In that case, Huawei customers shouldn’t be impacted.



However, “if this is a real security threat, then it’s a long-term impact,” he said. “The biggest impact will be end of the year for Huawei because that’s the biggest sales season of the year.”



Huawei is yet to launch its latest flagship phone, the Huawei Mate X, which will be its first foray into the world of foldable phones.



The bottom line? “This is bad news for Huawei,” Richardson says, “which has been one of the strongest Android players.”



The Shenzhen-based firm is the second-largest smartphone maker in the world, and the top globally when it comes to telecommunications equipment. But it’s been under intense pressure from Washington amid the U.S.-Sino trade battle.



Most recently, the Trump administration added Huawei to a trade blacklist that blocks it from buying U.S. technology without special approval. And Google hasn’t been the only company distancing itself from Huawei — top chipmakers <a class="" href="https://www.cnbc.com/quotes/?symbol=INTC">Intel</a>, <a class="" href="https://www.cnbc.com/quotes/?symbol=QCOM">Qualcomm</a>, <a class="" href="https://www.cnbc.com/quotes/?symbol=AVGO">Broadcom</a> and <a class="" href="https://www.cnbc.com/quotes/?symbol=IFX-DE">Infineon</a> have also reportedly cut ties with the firm.



This article first appeared on CNBC <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/20/what-google-android-move-means-if-you-own-a-huawei-phone.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/20/what-google-android-move-means-if-you-own-a-huawei-phone.html</a> and is republished with its permission

What Google’s decision to cut ties with Huawei means if you own one of its phones

<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/alexandra-gibbs/"> Alexandra Gibbs</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/alexgibbsy">@ALEXGIBBSY</a> When it comes to building a business from scratch, every entrepreneur is bound to face some form of rejection along the way.



And if they want to keep pushing forward, they’re going to have to get accustomed to receiving these negative responses, says the lead founder of Chinese e-commerce behemoth, Alibaba.



“As an entrepreneur, you have got to get used to being challenged. Having to get used to being said ‘no’ to by the other people, by the investors, by your customers, by people,” said Jack Ma, executive chairman of Alibaba Group&nbsp;<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UE9qrsm0-YY" class="">on Thursday.</a>



Yet, rejection should be treated as an opportunity, Ma said, as if everybody initially agrees with your vision or service, then “there is no opportunity.”



“When everybody believes (in) it, you have no chance. When only few people believe it, you believe it, you prove it — that’s your chance.”



Jack Ma, chairman of Alibaba Group (L), speaks during a fireside interview with Maurice Levy, chairman of Publicis Group (R), at the Viva Technology conference in Paris, on May 16, 2019.Marlene Awaad/Bloomberg | Bloomberg | Getty Images



During a fireside chat with Publicis Chairman Maurice Levy at the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UE9qrsm0-YY" class="">Viva Technology conference in Paris</a>, the business magnate explained how when he and the other founders started Alibaba in 1999, they had “almost nothing.”



“I talked to the 18 founders, (and) one of the things we wanted to prove: If Jack Ma and his team can be successful, 80% of people in the world can be successful, because we don’t have money, we don’t have technology, we have almost nothing.”



“The only thing is that we believe in future, and we started to do little by little,” Ma said, adding that he believes that anyone can be successful, if they “really try hard.”



“So, people like us, we are getting used to being criticized. We are getting used to being said ‘no’, people saying ‘no’ to you. When people say ‘yes’ to you, we really appreciate it. (I mean,) why should people say ‘yes’ to you? You have to prove (yourself),” said Ma, adding that the main two groups that you should focus on convincing is your own business team and your customers.



Of course, Ma is no stranger to setback. Over the years, the tycoon has&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/08/09/lesson-alibabas-jack-ma-learned-after-being-rejected-for-a-job-at-kfc.html" class="">talked openly about his encounters with rejection</a>, whether that’s failing to secure any of the 30 jobs he applied for after college,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/08/09/lesson-alibabas-jack-ma-learned-after-being-rejected-for-a-job-at-kfc.html" class="">including one at KFC</a>, or being turned down by Harvard 10 times.



Yet, with persistence comes growth, and in Ma’s case, success and recognition for his work on Alibaba.



Today, Alibaba is one of the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.alibabagroup.com/en/about/overview" class="">world’s leading wholesale and e-commerce marketplaces</a>, with it serving millions of people around the globe, and having&nbsp;<a href="https://www.alibabagroup.com/en/about/history" class="">expanded from retail</a>, into other industries including entertainment, cloud computing and marketing technology.



Alibaba also&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/09/22/alibaba-is-much-more-than-just-chinas-e-commerce-platform.html" class="">became the first company in Asia to surpass</a>&nbsp;the $400 billion valuation level back in 2017.



“Of course, you’re not happy when people say ‘no’,” he said, adding that you should go and “have a good sleep, wake up and try again.”



This article first appeared on CNBC <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/17/jack-ma-discussing-entrepreneurship-and-rejection.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/17/jack-ma-discussing-entrepreneurship-and-rejection.html</a> and is republished with its permission

Billionaire Jack Ma’s advice to African entrepreneurs on how to deal with rejection

By <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/dave-schools/">Dave Schools, Contributor</a><a href="https://twitter.com/DaveSchoools">@DAVESCHOOOLS</a> 



“Money doesn’t buy happiness.” For most of my life, I’ve found this idea impossible to justify. Anyone who says a million dollars won’t make them happier must be delusional.



Money gives you more control over your life; the freedom to retire early, the security to support yourself and your family, the comfort of buying things and experiences that excite you, the option of saying “yes” when your friends invite you to dinner&#8230;I could go on and on.



So when Yale <a class="" href="https://news.yale.edu/2018/02/20/yales-most-popular-class-ever-be-available-coursera">released</a> its happiness class for <a class="" href="https://www.coursera.org/learn/the-science-of-well-being">free online</a>, I decided to give it a try. <a class="" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/26/nyregion/at-yale-class-on-happiness-draws-huge-crowd-laurie-santos.html">The New York Times</a> called it the university’s “most popular class ever” — and the <a class="" href="https://www.coursera.org/learn/the-science-of-well-being/reviews">hundreds of people</a> who reported life-changing improvements after taking the class were enough to convince me. Maybe it will change how I spend and think about money, I thought.



The 10-week class, called “The Science of Well-Being,” is taught by Laurie Santos, a professor of psychology and cognitive science. She starts the class by addressing why the things we want in life don’t actually make us happy.



The culprit is a phenomenon called&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apa.org/science/about/psa/2004/04/pelham" class="">“miswantings,”</a>&nbsp;and it refers to the idea that people sometimes “mispredict” how much they’ll enjoy something in the future.Money ≠ happiness. Really?



Santos references several “annoying features of the mind” that influence us to chase after things that don’t really make us happy. Many of the materialistic goals we strive for make little to no lasting impact on our overall life satisfaction, Santos argues. One of the the main misconceptions she addresses is money.



To prove her point, Santos cites a famous&nbsp;<a href="https://www.princeton.edu/~deaton/downloads/deaton_kahneman_high_income_improves_evaluation_August2010.pdf" class="">2010 Princeton study</a>. Researchers analyzed the responses of 450,000 Americans who were&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sharecare.com/static/well-being-index" class="">surveyed</a>&nbsp;about things like their income and whether they were living the best possible life for them. The data showed that while happiness does rise with one’s income, the correlation peaks at about $75,000 per year.



The problem with this study, however, is that it was published nearly a decade ago. Since then, the idea that money doesn’t buy happiness has been disproved by a number of researchers. A 2012 survey by&nbsp;<a href="https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/money-and-power/a13528013/how-much-money-you-need-to-be-happy/" class="">Skandia International’s Wealth Sentiment Monitor</a>, for instance, found the global “happiness income” to be much higher, at $160,000.



And a more recent&nbsp;<a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/donnelly%20zheng%20haisley%20norton_26bec744-c924-4a28-8439-5a74abe9c8da.pdf" class="">Harvard study</a>&nbsp;from 2018 suggested that “great wealth does predict greater happiness” — for millionaires. Researchers found “consistent evidence that somewhat higher levels of wealth are not associated with higher well-being, but substantially higher levels (net worth of $8 million or more) are linked to modestly greater well-being.” (While the majority of us aren’t millionaires, there’s still a good amount of data to imply that happiness, to some degree,&nbsp;is&nbsp;tied to money.)



When I asked Santos what she thought of the studies, she replied, “They’re important, but I don’t think they change the message of the class, which is that high wealth has a teeny effect on happiness. The key is that it’s&nbsp;way&nbsp;less than what we predict, and it’s a lot less effective than the other practices we suggest. ”



Practices like meditation, gratitude and making time for social connections have the biggest effect on our well-being, she says, adding that they’re much easier to attain than trying to bump past the $10 million mark.



Santos continues: “Money doesn’t increase happiness in the way that we think. Our minds are lying to us about how much of an impact extra cash will have on our happiness.”Be more mindful about how you spend money



Later in the class, Santos interviews Elizabeth Dunn, a happiness researcher and the co-author of&nbsp;<a href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Happy_Money.html?id=DSWylrWYrYgC" class="">“Happy Money.”</a>&nbsp;They discuss why spending money on experiences, rather than things, is what makes us happy.



But don’t things generate experiences? And don’t you need money to buy those things? (The experience of driving down a scenic highway makes me happy, so I’ve spent thousands on a car. The experience of traveling makes me happy, so I’ve spent thousands on tickets — not to mention the hotel, food and sightseeing expenses.)



Santos’ response to my point is, “It depends. If you can be mindful of how the new car feels when you drive it — by taking into account the music, how well it drives and so on — a new car can feel like an experience.”



Okay, that makes a little more sense: It’s more about the trade-off. Money can make me happy if I focus on buying things that generate the same positive experience over and over.Our minds are lying to us about how much of an impact extra cash will have on our well-being.



Novel and often short experiences, like an expensive shirt that I’m not going to wear everyday, are less subject to hedonic adaptation. The objective is to keep happiness from fading.New goal: Change my lifestyle and mindset



Santos ends the class this way: “So does money really make us happier? Maybe a little bit. Maybe if you’re in the U.S. and you only earn $10,000 a year, then yes, more money would make you happier.” For the rest of us, however, more money won’t make much of a difference.



Overall, the class changed how I think about money, particularly how I spend it and how much I prioritize it. I’m also working on changing my lifestyle and mindset. While there isn’t a single panacea for happiness, what helps the most is taking action where I’m personally deficient.



Santos advised us to experiment with different practices to see what works best. It’s been a few months since I completed the class, and so far, I’ve found these practices and mindset changes to be surprisingly life-changing:



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Learning new skills for a more positive life outcome, not just for money or “advancement” in my career.</li><li>Being kinder by spending money on others, instead of myself.</li><li>Making more time for friends and family, instead of working (on weekends, especially).</li><li>Spending less money on things that aren’t long-lasting, like extravagant gadgets and more bedsheets that I actually need.</li><li>Incorporating healthy habits into my day, such as exercising, journaling and meditation.</li></ul>



Am I fully convinced that money won’t make me happy? Not entirely. It’ll take a lot of effort on my end, but I’m working on it — and that’s a pretty significant leap if you were to compare Old Dave with New Dave.



Dave Schools is a freelance editor and brand storyteller. He is the founding editor of <a class="" href="https://entrepreneurshandbook.co/">Entrepreneur’s Handbook</a>, a top-50 Medium publication, and the co-founder of Party Qs app. His work has appeared in Axios, Inc., Smashing Magazine, The Next Web, Business Insider, Quartz and Crunchbase.



This article first appeared on CNBC <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/13/i-took-yales-most-popular-class-ever-and-it-completely-changed-how-i-spend-my-money.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/13/i-took-yales-most-popular-class-ever-and-it-completely-changed-how-i-spend-my-money.html</a> and is republished with its permission

How Yale’s ‘most popular class ever’— completely changed how I spend my money

NAIROBI (Reuters) &#8211; Microsoft Corp will invest $100 million to open an Africa technology development centre with sites in Kenya and Nigeria over the next five years, the company said on Tuesday.



Global tech giants, including Alphabet Inc and Facebook, have been increasing investment on the continent in recent years to take advantage of growing economies with rising access rates to the internet by a youthful population.



Microsoft will hire more than 100 local engineers to work in the new Africa facility in both countries to customise its applications for the African market and to develop new ones for the continent and beyond, it said in a statement.



“In addition, it is an opportunity to collaborate with partners, academia, governments and developers, driving impact and innovation in sectors important to the continent,” the company said, citing financial technology, farming technology and off grid energy.



Engineers at the new Africa development centre will build applications using artificial intelligence, mixed reality and machine learning, Microsoft said.



The company already has six other development hubs located elsewhere in the world. The new Africa development hub will also support Microsoft’s established businesses such as Office, Azure and Windows, the company said.



Reporting by Duncan Miriri, editing by Louise Heavens

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How Yale’s ‘most popular class ever’— completely changed how I spend my money

Microsoft is planning on spending $100 million on Kenya, Nigeria tech development hub, what you need to know

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