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<p>Envisioning Africa&#8217;s Economic Prospects is the topic of the keynote address delivered by Dr Akinwumi Adesina, President of the African Development Bank Group to Chatham House in London earlier this month.</p>


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Keynote Address at Chatham House: Akinwumi Adesina on Envisioning Africa’s Economic Prospects


<p>LONDON (Reuters) &#8211; Shoppers in England were ordered to wear face coverings for the first time on Friday as new rules came into force, albeit with the government relying on customers’ common sense to stick to the policy rather than active policing.A woman wears a protective mask next to a sign urging to wear face coverings at a store, as the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues, in London, Britain July 24, 2020. REUTERS/Simon Dawson</p>



<p>The requirement, announced on July 13, marks the latest step in Britain’s slow acceptance of the benefits of face coverings in preventing the spread of COVID-19.</p>



<p>“I don’t like them, but if it keeps people safe you’ve got to do it,” said retiree Michael James, wearing a black face covering.</p>



<p>“I can’t understand how I didn’t have to wear one yesterday and I have to today. What’s the difference in the two days? But, yeah, if it cuts it down, anything.”</p>



<p>Some retailers, including supermarkets and coffee shop chains, said they supported the rules and would ask customers to abide by them, but it would not be up to staff to enforce them.</p>



<p>The move comes as deaths and new cases drop and the government encourages people back to work.</p>



<p>Asked how the rules should work, Prime Minister Boris Johnson said: “We should rely on the massive common sense of the British people&#8230; The people understand the value of face masks in confined spaces.”</p>



<p>Police can fine shoppers 100 pounds ($127) if they refuse to wear a mask, but the Police Federation of England and Wales, which represents rank and file officers, said enforcement should be a last resort.</p>



<p>“I’ve been into the supermarket this morning. There were some people wearing masks and some people not wearing masks. I was,” said former teacher Helen Curran.</p>



<p>Britons were initially told there was no compelling evidence masks helped to stop spread the virus, but that position has gradually been reversed, first with a requirement to wear them on public transport, and now in shops.</p>


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England’s shoppers ordered to wear face coverings


<p>LONDON (Reuters) &#8211; British clothing and food retailer Marks &amp; Spencer (<a href="https://www.reuters.com/companies/MKS.L">MKS.L</a>) said on Monday it planned to cut 950 jobs as part of a restructuring, dealing a further blow to a sector that has already seen thousands of redundancies during the COVID-19 crisis.</p>



<p>M&amp;S said it had started a consultation with its employee representative group and had set out its intention to first offer voluntary redundancy to affected workers across central support functions, central operations and property and store management.</p>



<p>The cuts form part of M&amp;S’s plan to move to a “leaner, faster retail management structure,” it said.</p>



<p>Britain’s retailers, already struggling with high rents, business taxes, tight margins and online competition, were particularly hammered by the coronavirus lockdown.</p>



<p>Earlier this month health and beauty chain Boots (<a href="https://www.reuters.com/companies/WBA.O">WBA.O</a>) announced 4,000 job cuts, while department store chain John Lewis said it would likely shed 1,300.</p>


london

Britain’s M&S plans to cut 950 jobs in restructuring


<p>NAIROBI (Reuters) &#8211; Kenya has banned all major public events after confirming its first case of the new coronavirus, in a woman who had returned to Kenya from the United States, the health minister said on Friday. </p>



<p>Mutahi Kagwe told a news conference the government had suspended all public gatherings, sporting events, open-air religious meetings and “all events that are of a huge public nature”.  </p>



<p>He said schools would remain open but all inter-school events would be suspended. </p>



<p>Kagwe said the woman with the virus had had been diagnosed on the night of March 12, after travelling home via London on March 5.</p>



<p>Kenya, which is dependent on imports from China and other Asian countries, has already started to feel the impact of the coronavirus pandemic with disruptions to the supply chain. </p>



<p>Kagwe warned traders that “This is not the time to make abnormal profits by charging abnormal prices”. </p>



<p>(Reporting by Omar Mohammed and Duncan Miriri; Editing by Kevin Liffey)</p>



<p>This article was first published on Reuters Africa <a href="https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFKBN2100ZM-OZATP">https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFKBN2100ZM-OZATP</a> and is republished with its permission.</p>


Kenya bans public events after confirming first coronavirus case

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<p>The UK-Morocco Business Dialogue aims to attract and engage in trade and investment opportunities for Morocco. The conference takes place just a day after the salient U.K Africa investment summit and Morocco stands to play an important role in the economic emergence of Africa. CNBC Africa’s Chris Bishop spoke to Minister Delegate for African Cooperation, Mohcine Jazouli.</p>


UK-Morocco Business Dialogue: Minister Mohcine Jazouli on opportunities for investment in Africa

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<p>On the side-lines of the UK-Morocco Business Dialogue in London, International Trade Minister, Conor Burns spoke to CNBC Africa’s Chris Bishop about what Brexit means for trade with Africa and why Morocco is pivotal to the United Kingdom when looking to enter the African marketplace.</p>


UK-Morocco Business Dialogue: Conor Burns on where the UK sees business opportunities in Morocco

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<p>At the on-going UK-Morocco Business Dialogue in London, CNBC Africa’s Chris Bishop spoke to Ismail Douiri, General Manager of Attijariwafa Bank about what Morocco is doing to improve its business environment and attract investors.</p>


UK-Morocco Business Dialogue: Attijariwafa Bank’s Ismail Douiri on why Morocco is Europe’s gateway into Africa

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<p>Polls are currently underway in a crucial election for the United Kingdom that is being held under the provisions of the Early Parliamentary General Election Act of 2019. So who will take the reins at Downing Street and what are the key issues for voters? Raj Kulasingam, Senior Counsel from Dentos joins CNBC Africa from London for more.</p>


Everything you need to know as Britain goes to the polls

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<p>A spokesman for Nigeria’s Attorney General says the Nigerian government on Thursday placed a bank guarantee of 200 million dollars with a high court in London to secure a stay on asset seizures of up to $9 billion related to a failed gas project in an ongoing case with Process &amp; Industrial Developments. Constitutional Lawyer and Rights Advocate, Evans Ufeli joins CNBC Africa to discuss this story.</p>


P&ID Case: Nigeria gives $200mn guarantee for stay on asset seizures

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<p>The Lord Mayor of London Peter Estlin is visiting Cape Town, Johannesburg and Nairobi this week. The UK Government is seeking to become Africa’s biggest G7 investor as Brexit looms. The Lord Mayor’s visit seeks to raise engagement with two of the continent’s biggest economies ahead of the UK-Africa Investment Summit in January. CNBC Africa is joined by the right honourable, the Lord Mayor of the City of London, Alderman Peter Estlin.</p>


What is the City of London doing to prepare for Brexit?


<p>LONDON (Reuters) &#8211; African mobile networks operator Helios Towers Ltd priced its initial public offering at 115-145 pence per share on Wednesday, a source familiar with the matter told Reuters, implying a total valuation of $1.42 billion to $1.79 billion. </p>



<p>The company, which operates phone masts in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo, Ghana, South Africa and Tanzania, last year shelved plans for its IPO amid concerns about political risks in DRC and Tanzania.</p>



<p>Helios is planning a free float of at least 25% of the company, with a listing on the London Stock Exchange, and will use the proceeds for expanding its services, including possibly into new countries, it has said.</p>



<p>“It’s a really good business in a strong sector, telecoms in Africa is the sort of growth story that appeals in this low-growth environment (globally),” said a source familiar with the transaction.</p>



<p>The decision to press ahead with the deal comes despite turbulent market conditions in Britain amid the long-running chaos surrounding the negotiations to exit the European Union, and the poor recent performance of other African IPOs in London.</p>



<p>Airtel Africa saw its shares drop 15% to 67 pence per share on its market debut after completing a 595 million pound ($730 million) IPO in late June. Since then shares have fallen further, and were as low as 50 pence on Tuesday.</p>



<p>Vivo Energy shares are down 1% since its May 2018 debut.</p>



<p>Bank of America, Jefferies and Standard Bank are joint global coordinators on the Helios deal while Renaissance Capital and EFG Hermes are joint bookrunners.</p>



<p>Books for the deal close on Oct. 14, with the first day of trading expected the following day.</p>



<p>($1 = 0.8148 pounds)</p>



<p>Reporting by Lawrence White, additional reporting by Abhinav Ramnarayan, editing by Louise Heavens</p>



<p><br></p>


African mobile networks operator Helios Towers launches up to $1.8 billion London IPO

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<p>For the first time ever, all leading stakeholders in the coffee sector have met in London to sign a declaration that will allow them to implement concrete solutions to address challenges facing the sector. Analyst, Fernando Morales de la Cruz from the summit in London joins CNBC Africa for more.</p>


Coffee price crisis set for negotiation and resolution at London summit

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<p>Lagos and London-based digital-only retail bank, Kuda says it has raised $1.6 million in pre-seed funding. To discuss their plans going forward, Co-founder and CEO of Kuda, Babs Ogundeyi, joins CNBC Africa for more.</p>


Digital-only retail bank Kuda raises $1.6mn, aims for Q4 live launch in Nigeria

By <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/oludara-akanmidu-495255">Oludara Akanmidu</a>, <em><a href="http://theconversation.com/institutions/de-montfort-university-1254">De Montfort University</a></em></span>

<p>Nigeria has received a legal hiding after a UK court awarded a private company a US$9.6 billion <a href="https://www.grantthornton.co.uk/insights/quantum-matters--record-usd6.6bn-award-against-nigeria/">judgment debt</a> against the West African nation. The ruling has generated significant attention in both domestic and international media. This is understandable given that the sum amounts to 20% of the country’s foreign <a href="https://thenationonlineng.net/9-6bn-judgment-fraudulent-target-on-our-foreign-reserve-fg/">reserves</a>. This means it poses a significant threat to its economy.  </p>

<p>The big question is: What went wrong? How did Nigeria end up in this costly situation? For the answer, we must look back to January 2010 and a gas supply contract that went horribly wrong.</p>

<h2>The Background Story</h2>

<p>On 11 January 2010 Process and Industrial Development (P&amp;ID), a company based in the British Virgin Islands, signed a contract with the Federal Government of Nigeria. This contract is called a gas supply and processing agreement. Nigeria’s government agreed that, over a 20-year period, it would supply natural gas (wet gas) to P&amp;ID’s production facility. </p>

<p>In return, P&amp;ID would process the wet gas by removing natural gas liquids and return approximately 85% of it to the government in the form of lean gas. This lean gas was to be returned at no cost to the Nigerian government. </p>

<p>Based on this agreement, Nigeria was supposed to arrange for the supply of wet gas to P&amp;ID’s gas processing facility which it intended to build in the country’s Cross Rivers State. This required the government to construct pipelines and arrange facilities for transporting the wet gas. The government failed to do this for three years. </p>

<p>P&amp;ID viewed this failure as a repudiation of the contract. In simpler terms, this means that the government renounced their obligation under the contract. Consequently, in March 2013, P&amp;ID began an <a href="https://www.grantthornton.co.uk/insights/quantum-matters--record-usd6.6bn-award-against-nigeria/">arbitration</a> action against the government before a London tribunal.</p>

<p>Clause 20 of the agreement, which both parties signed, provided that any disputes were to be resolved by arbitration with the seat of arbitration being London, England or any other place agreed by the parties. Nigeria tried to contest this, but its appeal to have the tribunal sit in Nigeria failed.</p>

<p>At the tribunal, P&amp;ID <a href="https://pacer-documents.s3.amazonaws.com/36/194469/04516479471.pdf">claimed</a> that it had invested $40 million in the project even though it had not acquired the land or built any facilities for gas processing. It claimed damages of about US$6.6 billion dollars: the amount of the net income it would have earned over the 20-year period of the agreement. </p>

<p>In response, the government argued that the damages claimed were not a fair and reasonable consequence of the government’s breach of the agreement. This is because P&amp;ID never commenced building the gas processing facility. It also argued that P&amp;ID should be awarded only three years’ worth of income as by that time, the company should have found some other profitable investment which would reduce its losses from the breach. </p>

<p>Similarly, the government objected to the measure of estimated expenses and income stream which P&amp;ID used to calculate its damages claim. </p>

<h2>The tribunal’s decision</h2>

<p>In July 2015 the tribunal decided that by failing to fulfil its obligations, the government had repudiated the agreement. P&amp;ID was therefore entitled to damages. </p>

<p>In January 2017, the tribunal by a majority of 2 to 1 made a final award of US$6.597 billion together with interest at the rate of 7% starting from 20 March 2013 until payment is made. The 7% <a href="https://pacer-documents.s3.amazonaws.com/36/194469/04516479471.pdf">interest</a> reflects what P&amp;ID would have paid to borrow the money or earned by investing the money in Nigeria. </p>

<p>Following the tribunal’s award of damages, in March 2018, P&amp;ID brought an action before the Queen’s Bench Division of the English Commercial Court. It wanted permission to enforce the damages awarded by the tribunal. Despite delays by the Nigerian government, on 16 August 2019, the court made an order enforcing the tribunal’s final award which now stands at about $9.6 billion. </p>

<p>In making this award, the court noted that the damages awarded were purely compensatory and not intended to punish the Nigerian government. The court also confirmed that there were no public policy grounds on which the award should not be enforced. This decision converts the arbitration award to a legal judgement. </p>

<p>This case perhaps highlights issues with Nigeria’s ability to effectively manage its oil and gas resources as well as its facilities. Between January and June 2019 alone, it is reported that Nigeria <a href="https://guardian.ng/news/why-crude-oil-losses-persist-despite-huge-surveillance-contracts/">lost</a> 22 million barrels of crude oil.</p>

<p>These losses have been largely attributed to pipeline vandalism and aged pipelines. The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation recently spent billions on oil pipelines maintenance. But other problems, such as <a href="http://saharareporters.com/2018/11/20/exclusive-protests-nnpc-awards-1848m-contract-without-following-due-process">corruption</a> and fraud in awarding security surveillance contracts for pipelines, persist.</p>

<h2>Next steps</h2>

<p>The $9.6 billion appears to be the largest amount of damages awarded against Nigeria to date. Evidence however suggests this is not the first time that Nigeria has failed to meet its contractual obligations. In 2016 it was reported that investors in Nigeria’s power sector <a href="https://qz.com/africa/591036/investors-are-threatening-to-pull-out-of-nigerias-fragile-privatized-power-sector/">threatened</a> to pull out due to the government’s failure to meet its contractual obligations.</p>

<p>This case also demonstrates an ongoing issue with the government’s attitude to critical infrastructural projects. The <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309943763_Politics_of_Hydroelectric_Power_Development_in_Nigeria_A_Case_Study_of_the_Mambilla_Hydroelectric_Power_Project">Mambilla</a> hydroelectric power project is a case in point. In spite of the huge potential offered by the project, it has been plagued by several controversies ranging from corruption and embezzlement of funds to the “irregular” awarding of contracts, and a general lack of political will. </p>

<p>The Nigerian government is yet to pay the judgement debt. <a href="https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/08/fg-alleges-conspiracy-in-9-6bn-judgment-debt/">Allegations</a> of domestic and international conspiracy surrounding the agreement continue to abound. For now, the government has said that it intends to appeal the amount awarded.<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/122740/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important" /></p>

<p><span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/oludara-akanmidu-495255">Oludara Akanmidu</a>, Lecturer  in Law, <em><a href="http://theconversation.com/institutions/de-montfort-university-1254">De Montfort University</a></em></span></p>

<p>This article is republished from <a href="http://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/explainer-how-nigeria-got-hit-with-a-9-6-billion-judgment-debt-in-london-122740">original article</a>.</p>

Explainer: A UK court hit Nigeria with a $9.6 billion judgment debt, how did the West African country end up in this costly situation?


<p>LAGOS, Aug 16 (Reuters) &#8211; A judge in London said on Friday he
would grant a firm called Process and Industrial Developments Ltd (P&amp;ID)
the right to seek to seize some $9 billion in assets from the Nigerian
government over an aborted gas project.</p>



<p>The
company was awarded $6.6 billion in an arbitration decision over a failed
project to build a gas processing plant in the southern Nigerian city of
Calabar. With interest payments, the sum now tops $9 billion &#8211; some 20% of
Nigeria’s foreign reserves</p>



<p>The
judge’s decision, issued on Friday, converts the arbitration award to a legal
judgement, which would allow P&amp;ID to try to seize international assets.</p>



<p>Lawyers
representing the Nigerian government argued the award should not be enforced
because England was not the correct place for the case, and even if it were,
the amount awarded was “manifestly excessive.”</p>



<p>Mr
Justice Butcher of the Commercial Court rejected these arguments and said he
would “receive submissions from the parties as to the precise form of order
appropriate.”</p>



<p>A
spokesman for Nigeria’s President Muhammadu Buhari directed requests for
comment to the Ministry of Justice, which did not immediately respond. A
spokeswoman for the law firm representing the Nigerian government in London did
not immediately provide a comment on the ruling.</p>



<p>“P&amp;ID
is committed to vigorously enforcing its rights, and we intend to begin the
process of seizing Nigerian assets in order to satisfy this award as soon as
possible,” said Andrew Stafford, Q.C. of Kobre &amp; Kim, which represents
P&amp;ID.</p>



<p>The
case involves a 2010 deal in which the Nigerian government agreed to supply gas
to a processing plant in Calabar that P&amp;ID – a firm founded by two Irish
businessmen specifically for the project &#8211; would build and run.</p>



<p>In
2012, P&amp;ID took the government to arbitration over the failure of the deal
and won the award, which was based on what it could have earned during the
20-year agreement.</p>



<p>Stafford
said that with accrued interest, the award now tops $9.6 billion.</p>



<p>Legal experts told Reuters previously that assets used for diplomatic purposes – such as the Nigerian High Commission building in central London – are not eligible for seizure, but commercial assets are. </p>



<p>(Reporting by Libby George, additional reporting by Felix Onuah and Camillus Eboh in Abuja; Editing by Mark Potter)</p>


UK judge will allow firm to try to seize $9 billion in Nigerian assets in gas dispute, what you need to know

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<p>Brand Finance the independent valuation and strategy consultancy, has named the Italian car brand Ferrari, as the world’s strongest brand. Joining CNBC Africa to discuss the complex analysis of good branding is Declan Ahern an Associate Director at Brand Finance London.</p>


Brand Finance’s Declan Ahern on what makes a great brand

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<p>Ahead of next week&#8217;s meeting by the Joint Technical Committee, Edward Voelcker, Advisor at Brigg Macadam joins CNBC Africa from London to discuss expectations from the meeting and the outlook for oil.</p>


London

Keynote Address at Chatham House: Akinwumi Adesina on Envisioning Africa’s Economic Prospects

England’s shoppers ordered to wear face coverings

Britain’s M&S plans to cut 950 jobs in restructuring

Kenya bans public events after confirming first coronavirus case

UK-Morocco Business Dialogue: Minister Mohcine Jazouli on opportunities for investment in Africa

UK-Morocco Business Dialogue: Conor Burns on where the UK sees business opportunities in Morocco

UK-Morocco Business Dialogue: Attijariwafa Bank’s Ismail Douiri on why Morocco is Europe’s gateway into Africa

Everything you need to know as Britain goes to the polls

P&ID Case: Nigeria gives $200mn guarantee for stay on asset seizures

What is the City of London doing to prepare for Brexit?

African mobile networks operator Helios Towers launches up to $1.8 billion London IPO

Coffee price crisis set for negotiation and resolution at London summit

Digital-only retail bank Kuda raises $1.6mn, aims for Q4 live launch in Nigeria

Explainer: A UK court hit Nigeria with a $9.6 billion judgment debt, how did the West African country end up in this costly situation?

UK judge will allow firm to try to seize $9 billion in Nigerian assets in gas dispute, what you need to know

Brand Finance’s Declan Ahern on what makes a great brand

What to expect from 2018 Joint Technical Committee Meeting

News Tips

Advertise With Us

London

Keynote Address at Chatham House: Akinwumi Adesina on Envisioning Africa’s Economic Prospects

England’s shoppers ordered to wear face coverings

Britain’s M&S plans to cut 950 jobs in restructuring

Kenya bans public events after confirming first coronavirus case

UK-Morocco Business Dialogue: Minister Mohcine Jazouli on opportunities for investment in Africa

UK-Morocco Business Dialogue: Conor Burns on where the UK sees business opportunities in Morocco

UK-Morocco Business Dialogue: Attijariwafa Bank’s Ismail Douiri on why Morocco is Europe’s gateway into Africa

Everything you need to know as Britain goes to the polls

P&ID Case: Nigeria gives $200mn guarantee for stay on asset seizures

What is the City of London doing to prepare for Brexit?

African mobile networks operator Helios Towers launches up to $1.8 billion London IPO

Coffee price crisis set for negotiation and resolution at London summit

Digital-only retail bank Kuda raises $1.6mn, aims for Q4 live launch in Nigeria

Explainer: A UK court hit Nigeria with a $9.6 billion judgment debt, how did the West African country end up in this costly situation?

UK judge will allow firm to try to seize $9 billion in Nigerian assets in gas dispute, what you need to know

Brand Finance’s Declan Ahern on what makes a great brand

What to expect from 2018 Joint Technical Committee Meeting

News Tips

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